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首页> 外文期刊>Aquatic Toxicology >Necrophagy by a benthic omnivore influences biomagnification of methylmercury in fish.
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Necrophagy by a benthic omnivore influences biomagnification of methylmercury in fish.

机译：底栖杂食动物的尸检影响鱼类中甲基汞的生物放大。

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Omnivory has an important role in the movement of energy, nutrients, and contaminants between benthic and pelagic food webs. While top-predator fish are known to supplement a mostly piscivorous diet with benthic organisms, a more obscure benthic-pelagic coupling occurs when benthic invertebrates forage on fish carcasses, referred to as necrophagy. The combination of these two benthic-pelagic links, top-predator fish feeding on benthic organisms that have fed on dead fish, can generate a trophic feedback cycle that conserves energy and nutrients and may have implications for biomagnification of methylmercury (MeHg) in fish. We investigated the role of necrophagy by crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), via a trophic feedback cycle, on the biomagnification of MeHg in largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), a cosmopolitan top predator fish known to feed on crayfish. Controlled laboratory tests quantified the uptake of MeHg by both organisms from artificial and natural food (whole crayfish or bass tissue). Assimilation efficiency (AE) of MeHg was greater for bass fed crayfish (79+or-0.5%) than those fed artificial food (60+or-3%). Furthermore, AE of MeHg was greatest for largemouth bass fed crayfish that fed on MeHg-dosed dead fish (i.e., trophic feedback cycle; 94+or-17%). A model, parameterized with results of the laboratory experiments, was used to make steady-state projections of MeHg biomagnification factors. Model projections also indicate that MeHg biomagnification would be greatest for largemouth bass from a trophic feedback cycle. These results suggest that food web ecology has an important role in determining MeHg levels in predatory fish and underscore the need for further investigation into the magnitude that necrophagy may affect MeHg biomagnification in aquatic systems.
机译：杂食性在底栖和中上层食物网之间的能量，营养物质和污染物的运动中起着重要作用。虽然已知捕食性最高的鱼类会在底栖生物中补充大部分食鱼性食物，但当底栖无脊椎动物在鱼尸体上觅食时，底栖-上层耦合会更加模糊，这被称为死尸。这两个底栖-上层联系的结合，即以死鱼为食的底栖生物为食的顶级捕食者，可以产生营养反馈循环，从而节省能量和营养，并且可能对鱼类中甲基汞（MeHg）的生物放大产生影响。我们通过营养反馈循环研究了小龙虾（ Procambarus clarkii ）的尸体吞噬作用对大都会鲈鱼（ Micropterus salmoides ）中MeHg的生物放大作用，这是世界性的顶级捕食者已知以小龙虾为食的鱼类。受控的实验室测试量化了人工和天然食物（整个小龙虾或鲈鱼组织）中两种生物对甲基汞的吸收。饲喂鲈鱼的小龙虾（79％或-0.5％）的MeHg的同化效率（AE）高于饲喂人工食物的60％或-3％的MeHg的同化效率（AE）。此外，以食用MeHg的死鱼为食的大口黑鲈小龙虾的MeHg AE值最大（即营养反馈周期; 94％或17％）。使用实验室实验结果进行参数化的模型用于对MeHg生物放大因子进行稳态预测。模型预测还表明，MeHg的生物放大作用对于来自营养反馈循环的大口黑鲈来说将是最大的。这些结果表明，食物网生态学对确定掠食性鱼类的甲基汞含量具有重要作用，并强调有必要进一步研究吞噬作用可能影响水生系统中甲基汞生物放大的程度。

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