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首页> 外文期刊>Aquatic Toxicology >Behavioral responses of the estuarine calanoid copepod Eurytemora affinis to sub-lethal concentrations of waterborne pollutants
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Behavioral responses of the estuarine calanoid copepod Eurytemora affinis to sub-lethal concentrations of waterborne pollutants

机译：河口cal足类pe足类Eurytemora affinis对水中致死性污染物浓度的行为响应

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Estuarine waters contain a variety of chemicals which affect to various extents the behavior of aquatic organisms. Little is known, however, on the behavioral response of copepods. The present study shows the results of laboratory experiments investigating the immediate effects of sub-lethal concentrations of three commonly found contaminants on the three-dimensional swimming behavior of the estuarine calanoid copepod Eurytemora affinis. Nonylphenol at 2 mu g L-1, cadmium at 45 ng L-1 and a mixture of low to medium molecular weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons at 40 ng L-1 all affected the swimming behavior of E. affinis adults, increasing both swimming speed and activity. In most cases, effects were observable within 30 min of exposure and persisted or faded during a period of depuration in uncontaminated water of similar duration. In ovigerous females exposed to Cd and PAHs, effects appeared to be more pronounced during the depuration period, suggesting that carrying ovisacs may impair recovery. We quantified differences in the distribution of swimming speed values by considering the relative frequencies of periods of break, slow and fast swimming and we observed a trend toward faster movements in the presence of pollutants. The degree of trajectory complexity, estimated through their fractal dimension, was unaffected by pollutants. Since both narcotic and non-narcotic pollutants induced hyperactivity, our results suggest that changes in behavior after a short-term exposure may be independent of the general mode of action of the chemicals. The increase in speed and activity resembles an escape reaction permitting copepods to evade stressful conditions. Overall, these results indicate that environment-relevant concentrations of pollutants can induce rapid changes in copepod behavior. Since behavioral processes represent a fundamental element in the ecology of copepods, our results raise concern about the effects of background levels of pollution on a major component of the plankton community. The long-term response of copepods to waterborne pollutants, their synergistic effects and their interactions with other environmental factors need further investigation
机译：河口水含有多种化学物质，它们在不同程度上影响水生生物的行为。然而，关于co足类动物的行为反应知之甚少。本研究显示了实验室研究的结果，这些研究调查了三种常见污染物的亚致死浓度对河口cal足类pe足类Eurytemora affinis三维游动行为的即时影响。 L-2的壬基酚，L-1的镉为45 ng L-1和40 ng L-1的中低分子量多环芳烃的混合物均影响了成年大肠杆菌的游泳行为，增加了游泳速度和游泳速度。活动。在大多数情况下，在暴露后30分钟内即可观察到效果，并且在净化期相同时间的未污染水中，效果持续存在或褪色。在暴露于Cd和PAHs的雌雄同体的雌性动物中，净化期间的作用似乎更为明显，这表明携带卵囊可能会损害恢复。我们通过考虑休息，慢速和快速游泳的相对频率来量化游泳速度值分布的差异，并观察到存在污染物时运动速度加快的趋势。通过其分形维数估算的轨迹复杂程度不受污染物的影响。由于麻醉和非麻醉污染物均会引起机能亢进，因此我们的结果表明，短期接触后的行为变化可能与化学品的一般作用方式无关。速度和活动的增加类似于逃跑反应，使​​co足类动物逃避压力条件。总体而言，这些结果表明与环境有关的污染物浓度可引起induce足类行为的快速变化。由于行为过程是co足类生态学的基本要素，因此我们的研究结果引起了人们对污染背景水平对浮游生物群落主要组成部分的影响的关注。 pe足类动物对水污染物的长期反应，它们的协同作用以及与其他环境因素的相互作用需要进一步研究

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