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首页> 外文期刊>Aquatic Biology >Meiofaunal diversity and assemblage structure in a shallow-water hydrothermal vent in the Pacific Ocean
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Meiofaunal diversity and assemblage structure in a shallow-water hydrothermal vent in the Pacific Ocean

机译：太平洋浅水热液喷口中的微卫星多样性和集合结构

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摘要

Despite their ubiquitous distribution in tectonically active coastal zones, shallow-water vents have been much less explored than deep-sea vents in terms of biodiversity and adaptations to extreme conditions. We investigated the meiofaunal biodiversity and environmental variables at distances of 10, 100 and 200 cm from a shallow-water hydrothermal vent in the equatorial Pacific (Sulawesi, Indonesia). Meiofaunal abundance and the richness of higher taxa increased from the site of fluid-vent emission (where temperatures of the fluids and sediments reached approximately 90°C) to the control sediments (200 cm from the vent, with no sign of effects from the vent fluids). Nematode species richness was also high in the intermediate station, where bottom sediment temperature reached 55°C. These data suggest that some nematode species were able to survive in conditions typically hostile to metazoan life. Gas emissions also influenced the biochemical composition of the sediment organic matter in proximityto the vent and favoured the growth of a large photo- and/or chemo-autotrophic prokaryotic biomass. This biomass represented a potentially important food source for predator/omnivore nematodes and influenced the trophic structure of benthic assemblages.Since the metazoan species found in proximity to the vent were a subset of those inhabiting control sediments, but were characterised by lower abundances, it might be hypothesized that the populations close to the vent are the result of colonization fromadjacent areas.
机译：尽管在构造活跃的沿海地区无处不在，但就生物多样性和对极端条件的适应性而言，浅水喷口的开发远不如深海喷口。我们调查了距赤道太平洋（印度尼西亚苏拉威西）浅水热液喷口10、100和200厘米处的动植物生物多样性和环境变量。从流体排放的位置（流体和沉积物的温度达到约90°C）到对照沉积物（距通风口200 cm），从通风孔排放的地点，中叶的丰度和较高的分类单元的丰富度增加了液体）。在底部沉积物温度达到55°C的中间站，线虫的物种丰富度也很高。这些数据表明，某些线虫种类能够在通常对子生动物不利的条件下生存。气体排放还影响了靠近排放口的沉积物有机物的生物化学组成，并有利于大量光合和/或化学自养的原核生物质的生长。这种生物质代表了捕食/杂食性线虫的潜在重要食物来源，并影响了底栖动物的营养结构。由于在喷口附近发现的后生动物是居住在控制沉积物中的子集，但其特征是较低的丰度。假设靠近通风口的人口是从邻近地区殖民的结果。

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