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首页> 外文期刊>Aquaculture >Application of DNA parentage analyses for determining relative growth rates of Penaeus japonicus families reared in commercial ponds.
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Application of DNA parentage analyses for determining relative growth rates of Penaeus japonicus families reared in commercial ponds.

机译：DNA亲缘关系分析在确定在商业池塘中养殖的日本对虾家族相对生长速率中的应用。

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The ability to track large numbers of individuals and families is a key determinant of the power and precision of breeding programs, including the capacity to quantify interactions between genotypes and their environment. Until recently, most family based selective breeding programs for shrimp, and other highly fecund aquaculture species, have been restricted by the number of animals that can be physically tagged and individually selected. Advances in the development of molecular markers, such as microsatellite loci, are now providing the means to track large numbers of individuals and families in commercial production systems. In this study microsatellites, coupled with DNA parentage analyses, were used to determine the relative performance of 22 families of P. japonicus reared in commercial production ponds. In the experimental design 6000 post-larvae from each of 22 families, whose maternal parents had been genotyped at 8 microsatellite loci, were stocked into each of four 1 ha ponds. After 6 months the ponds were harvested and a total of 6000 individuals were randomly weighed from each pond. Mean wet weight of the shrimp from one pond was significantly lower than that of the other three ponds demonstrating a possible pond effect on growth rate. The representation of families in the top 10% of each pond's weight distribution was then determined by randomly genotyping up to 300 individuals from this upper weight class. Parentage analyses based on individual genotypic data demonstrated that some families were over-represented in the top 10% in all ponds, while others were under-represented due to slower growth rates. The results also revealed some weak, but significant, male genotype x environment (G x E) interactions in the expression of shrimp growth for some families. This indicates that G x E effects may need to be factored into future P. japonicus selective breeding programs. This study demonstrated the utility of DNA parentage analyses for tracking individual family performance in communally stocked shrimp pond populations and, its application to examining G x E effects on trait expression under commercial culture conditions..
机译：追踪大量个体和家庭的能力是育种计划的力量和准确性的关键决定因素，其中包括量化基因型与其环境之间相互作用的能力。直到最近，大多数基于家庭的虾和其他高繁殖力水产养殖物种的选择性育种计划一直受到可以物理标记和单独选择的动物数量的限制。分子标记（例如微卫星基因座）的开发进展现在为跟踪商业生产系统中的大量个人和家庭提供了手段。在这项研究中，微卫星结合DNA亲子关系分析，被用来确定商业化生产池塘中养殖的22个日本对虾的相对性能。在实验设计中，将来自22个家庭的每个幼虫的6000个幼体放养到四个1公顷池塘的每个池塘中，它们的父母是在8个微卫星基因座上进行基因分型的。 6个月后，收获池塘，每个池塘随机称重6000个人。来自一个池塘的虾的平均湿重显着低于其他三个池塘的虾的湿重，表明池塘可能对生长率产生影响。然后，通过随机分型多达300个来自该较高体重类别的个体，确定每个池塘重量分布的前10％中家庭的代表。根据个体基因型数据进行的亲子关系分析表明，在所有池塘中，前10％的家庭中，有些家庭的比例过高，而由于增长率较低，另一些家庭的比例却不足。结果还显示，一些家庭的虾生长表达中存在弱但重要的男性基因型x环境（G x E）相互作用。这表明在未来的日本对虾选择育种计划中可能需要考虑G x E效应。这项研究证明了DNA亲缘关系分析可用于跟踪在公共养虾场中种群的个体表现，并将其用于检验商业养殖条件下G x E对性状表达的影响。

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