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Experimental investigation of the influence of the relative position of the scattering layer on image quality: the shower curtain effect

机译：散射层相对位置对图像质量影响的实验研究：浴帘效应

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The imaging quality of optical systems in a turbid environment is influenced not only by the content of the turbid layer between the object and the optical receiver but also by the inhomogeneity of that medium. This is important, particularly when imaging is performed through clouds, nonhomogeneous layers of dust, or over vertical or slant paths through the atmosphere. Forward small-angle scattering influences image quality and blur more severely when the scattering layer is closer to the receiver. in this study it is the influence of the relative position of the scattering layer on the image quality and modulation transfer function (MTF) that is investigated. The scattering layer in controlled laboratory experiments consists of calibrated polystyrene particles of known size and quantity in a small cuvette. A point source was imaged by a computerized imaging system through a layer containing polystyrene particles, and the point-spread function (PSF) was recorded. The aerosol MTF was calculated using the measured SF. The MTF was measured as a function of changing relative distance of the scattering layer from the receiver, whereas the object-plane-to-receiver distance was constant. The experimental results were compared to theoretical shower curtain effect models based on the solution from radiative transfer theory under the small-angle approximation. Although the general trend of the experimental results certainly agrees with the theoretical models, it could be that the small-angle approximation method might be of Limited validity at such low spatial frequencies. Aggregation also causes some disagreement with predictions from theory. (C) 1998 Optical Society of America. [References: 16]
机译：浑浊环境中光学系统的成像质量不仅受物体与光接收器之间浑浊层的含量的影响，而且还受该介质的不均匀性的影响。这一点很重要，尤其是在通过云层，不均匀的尘埃层或在穿过大气的垂直或倾斜路径上进行成像时。当散射层更靠近接收器时，前向小角度散射会影响图像质量并更加严重地模糊。在这项研究中，研究的是散射层的相对位置对图像质量和调制传递函数（MTF）的影响。在受控实验室实验中，散射层由小试管中已知大小和数量的校准聚苯乙烯颗粒组成。通过计算机成像系统通过包含聚苯乙烯颗粒的层对点源进行成像，并记录点扩展函数（PSF）。使用测得的SF计算气溶胶MTF。根据改变散射层到接收器的相对距离的函数来测量MTF，而物平面到接收器的距离是恒定的。在小角度近似下，将实验结果与基于辐射传递理论解的理论浴帘效应模型进行了比较。尽管实验结果的总体趋势肯定与理论模型吻合，但在如此低的空间频率下，小角度近似方法的有效性可能有限。聚集还导致与理论预测有些分歧。 （C）1998年美国眼镜学会。 [参考：16]

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