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首页> 外文期刊>Applied optics >Measurement of the refractive indices of H_(2)SO_(4)-HNO_(3)-H_(2)O solutions to stratospheric temperatures
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Measurement of the refractive indices of H_(2)SO_(4)-HNO_(3)-H_(2)O solutions to stratospheric temperatures

机译：H_（2）SO_（4）-HNO_（3）-H_（2）O溶液对平流层温度的折射率测量

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摘要

Refractive indices of various H_(2)SO_(4)-H_(2)O, HNO_(3)-H_(2)O, and H_(2)SO_(4)-HNO_(3)-H_(2)O solutions were measured at four wavelengths in the visible (351.0, 533.5, 632.9, and 782.6 nm) over a temperature range from 30 to -60℃. The temperature dependence has been determined for the first time to the authors'knowledge. This dependence is of importance for applications to atmospheric aerosols at low temperatures. In particular, it is shown that (1) the molar refractivity of the solutions is independent of temperature, whereas the temperature dependence of the refractive index arises solely through the temperature dependence of the solution's mass density, (2) the molar refractivities of H_(2)SO_(4) and HNO_(3) in a ternary solution may be calculated as the weighted sum of the molar refractivities of two binary solutions evaluated at a concentration that corresponds to the total acid concentration, and (3) the H_(2)O molar refractivity in the solutions may be taken equal to that of pure water. Although the data for the ternary system have been used for this model verification, data for binary H_(2)SO_(4)-H_(2)O and HNO_(3)-H_(2)O solutions were used to improve the accuracy of the modeled refractive indices to better than 0.0017% or 0.15% for concentrations of 5-70 wt. % and wavelengths from the near ultraviolet to the near infrared (0.25-2μm).
机译：各种H_（2）SO_（4）-H_（2）O，HNO_（3）-H_（2）O和H_（2）SO_（4）-HNO_（3）-H_（2）O的折射率在30至-60℃的温度范围内，在可见光（351.0，533.5，632.9和782.6 nm）的四个波长下测量溶液。温度依赖性已首次确定为作者的知识。这种依赖性对于在低温下应用于大气气溶胶非常重要。特别地，表明（1）溶液的摩尔折射率与温度无关，而折射率的温度依赖性仅通过溶液质量密度的温度依赖性而产生，（2）H_（ 2）可将三元溶液中的SO_（4）和HNO_（3）计算为在对应于总酸浓度的浓度下评估的两种二元溶液的摩尔折射率的加权和，以及（3）H_（2溶液中的摩尔折射率可认为等于纯水的摩尔折射率。尽管已使用三元系统的数据进行此模型验证，但仍使用二进制H_（2）SO_（4）-H_（2）O和HNO_（3）-H_（2）O解的数据来提高准确性当浓度为5-70 wt。 ％和从近紫外到近红外的波长（0.25-2μm）。

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