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Reciprocity in trades: an experimental game approach

机译：交易中的互惠：一种实验性的博弈方法

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摘要

The central idea of expected utility theory defines the way that individuals make decisions under emergency and risk situations. Instead of this, various field and lab studies of the last decades, indicate that this theory does not represent a realistic image of human behaviour. Therefore, experimental findings show that reciprocity constitutes, in many cases, the basic driving force of decision-making behaviour. In a few words, people are reciprocal if they repay kind and unkind actions, too. On theother hand, they are utility maximisers if they act rationally. So, on the basis of the above mentioned, this study aims to highlight the behavioural attitudes of individuals through the measuring of reciprocity. For this scope, two games of game theory(ultimatum and dictator) were practiced and interacted among undergraduate students under real circumstances and were produced reliable conclusions about the two kinds of economic people, homo economicus and homo reciprocans. The research reveals that people have reciprocal behaviour even if this sometimes drives in irrational behaviour according to the economic theory.

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