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首页> 外文期刊>Archives of microbiology >Biofilm, pathogenesis and prevention-a journey to break the wall: a review
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Biofilm, pathogenesis and prevention-a journey to break the wall: a review

机译：生物膜，发病机制和预防：突破壁垒的旅程

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摘要

Biofilms contain group(s) of microorganisms that are found to be associated with the biotic and abiotic surfaces. Biofilms contain either homogenous or heterogeneous populations of bacteria which remain in the matrix made up of extracellular polymeric substances secreted by constituent population of the biofilm. Biofilms can be either single or multilayered. Biofilms are an increasing issue of concern that is gaining importance with each passing day. Due to the ubiquitous nature of biofilms, it is difficult to eradicate them. It has been seen that many infectious diseases harbour biofilms of bacterial pathogens as the reservoir of persisting infections which can prove fatal at times. The presence of biofilms can be seen in diseases like endocarditis, cystic fibrosis, periodontitis, rhinosinusitis and osteomyelitis. The presence of biofilms has been mostly seen in medical implants and urinary catheters. Various signalling events including two-component signalling, extra cytoplasmic function and quorum sensing are involved in the formation of biofilms. The presence of an extracellular polymeric matrix in biofilms makes it difficult for the anti-microbials to act on them and make the bacteria tolerant to antibiotics and other drugs. The aim of this review was to discuss about the basic formation of a biofilm, various signalling cascades involved in biofilm formation, possible mechanisms of drug resistance in biofilms and recent therapeutic approaches involved in successful eradication of biofilms.
机译：生物膜包含被发现与生物和非生物表面相关的一组微生物。生物膜包含均质或异质细菌群，它们保留在由生物膜组成群分泌的细胞外聚合物组成的基质中。生物膜可以是单层或多层的。生物膜是一个日益受到关注的问题，并且其日趋重要。由于生物膜的普遍性，很难根除它们。业已发现，许多传染病带有细菌病原体的生物膜，可作为持续感染的库，有时甚至可以致命。在诸如心内膜炎，囊性纤维化，牙周炎，鼻窦炎和骨髓炎等疾病中可以看到生物膜的存在。生物膜的存在主要出现在医疗植入物和导尿管中。生物膜的形成涉及各种信号事件，包括两组分信号传导，额外的胞质功能和群体感应。生物膜中细胞外聚合物基质的存在使抗微生物剂难以作用于它们，并使细菌对抗生素和其他药物具有耐受性。这篇综述的目的是讨论生物膜的基本形成，涉及生物膜形成的各种信号级联，生物膜中耐药性的可能机制以及成功消除生物膜的最新治疗方法。

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