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Chimeric monkeys with human brains: a new bioethical black hole.

机译：具有人脑的嵌合猴子：新的生物伦理黑洞。

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摘要

The publication by the prestigious National Academy of Sciences (NAS), setting forth ethical guidelines for human embryonic stem cell research (1), raises several very disturbing experimental scenarios. One of these involves the possibility of creating chimeric animals in the laboratory with a fusion of their brain tissues with those of humans. Recently, this possibility has become a reality with the successful experiments conducted at the Salk Institute in San Diego, CA, USA. These investigations involved the injection of human embryonic stem cells, destined to become neurons, into the developing brain of the mouse embryo. These chimeric mammals are living specimens resulting from mixing the cells from various tissues of different species together early in the gestational cycle. What especially concerns the NAS about this process is that human stem cells, specifically programmed to form brain cells (a technique, incidentally, that our scientists do not fully understand), would be potentially destined to produce human brain tissue in an animal cranium! This "Frankensteinian scenario" mentioned by the NAS and described in many newspapers would have a chimeric rat or monkey running around in their laboratory cages with a human brain inside their heads! While this ghoulish scenario might continue to provide exciting and provocative copy for science fiction movies, fortunately, such a biological entity has no serious anatomical or physiological possibility of becoming a reality based on the large size and weight demands of the human cerebral organ.
机译：著名的美国国家科学院（NAS）的出版物提出了人类胚胎干细胞研究的道德准则（1），提出了一些非常令人不安的实验方案。其中之一涉及在实验室中通过将大脑组织与人类大脑组织融合而产生嵌合动物的可能性。最近，随着在美国加州圣迭戈的索尔克研究所进行的成功实验，这种可能性已成为现实。这些研究涉及将注定要成为神经元的人类胚胎干细胞注入小鼠胚胎发育中的大脑。这些嵌合哺乳动物是活体标本，是在妊娠周期的早期将来自不同物种的各种组织的细胞混合在一起的结果。 NAS对此过程特别关注的是，人类干细胞经过专门编程以形成脑细胞（顺便说一句，我们的科学家对此尚不完全了解），它可能注定会在动物颅骨中产生人脑组织！ NAS提到的这种“弗兰肯斯坦主义情景”在许多报纸上都有描述，一只嵌合的老鼠或猴子在实验室的笼子里四处奔跑，脑袋里满是人脑！尽管这种可怕的情况可能会继续为科幻电影提供令人兴奋和挑衅的复制品，但幸运的是，基于人体大脑器官的巨大体积和重量需求，这种生物实体没有严重的解剖或生理可能性成为现实。

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