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Diversity of potato genetic resources

机译：马铃薯遗传资源的多样性

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摘要

A considerable number of highly diverse species exist in genus Solanum. Because they can adapt to a broad range of habitats, potato wild relatives are promising sources of desirable agricultural traits. Potato taxonomy is quite complex because of introgression, interspecific hybridization, auto- and allopolyploidy, sexual compatibility among many species, a mixture of sexual and asexual reproduction, possible recent species divergence, phenotypic plasticity, and the consequent high morphological similarity among species. Recent researchers using molecular tools have contributed to the identification of genes controlling several types of resistance as well as to the revision of taxonomical relationships among potato species. Historically, primitive forms of cultivated potato and its wild relatives have been used in breeding programs and there is still an enormous and unimaginable potential for discovering desirable characteristics, particularly in wild species Different methods have been developed to incorporate useful alleles from these wild species into the improved cultivars. Potato germplasm comprising of useful alleles for different breeding objectives is preserved in various gene banks worldwide. These materials, with their invaluable information, are accessible for research and breeding purposes. Precise identification of species base on the new taxonomy is essential for effective use of the germplasm collection.
机译：茄属中存在大量高度多样化的物种。由于它们可以适应广泛的生境，因此马铃薯野生近缘种是理想农业特性的有希望来源。由于基因渗入，种间杂交，自体和同种多倍性，许多物种之间的性相容性，有性和无性繁殖的混合，可能的近来物种差异，表型可塑性以及随之而来的物种之间的高度形态相似性，马铃薯的分类学非常复杂。最近使用分子工具的研究人员为识别控制几种抗性类型的基因以及修订马铃薯物种之间的分类学关系做出了贡献。从历史上看，栽培马铃薯及其野生近缘种的原始形式已用于育种程序中，发现理想特征的潜力仍然巨大而难以想象，特别是在野生物种中。已开发出各种方法，将这些野生物种中的有用等位基因整合到马铃薯中。改良品种。在世界各地的各种基因库中都保存了由针对不同育种目的的有用等位基因组成的马铃薯种质。这些材料及其宝贵的信息可用于研究和育种目的。基于新的分类法对物种进行准确鉴定对于有效利用种质资源至关重要。

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