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The Galilean satellites By Emily Baldwinand Allan Chapman

机译：伽利略卫星（Emily Baldwinand Allan Chapman）

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Galileo discovered lo, Europa, Ganymede and CaIlisto in 1610 after he had observed the Moon for the first time with his telescope, littledid he know that he was kick-starting the field of planetaryscience. Four hundred years later and we have foundthat the Galilean moons of Jupiter encapsulate differingextremes, like a solar system in miniature. Despite allhaving formed in the same place, they are all so different.Callisto is one of the most heavily cratered bodies in theSolar System, fiery Io is the least cratered and is the mostvolcanically active, icy Europa quite probably contains thelargest ocean of water, and Ganymede is the only moonwith its own self-generated magnetic field. They are someof the most unique planetary bodies we have encountered,and they have much to tell us about the conditions at thebeginning of the Solar System, how planets formed andeven a possible habitat for life.This Focus celebrates the discovery of the Galileanmoons, first with Dr Allan Chapman who tells Galileo'sstory and how he found fame and fortune in his observations. Then, Deputy Editor Dr Emily Baldwinprofiles each of the four moons, expertly bringing them tolife as exciting worlds in their own right.
机译：伽利略在用望远镜第一次观察到月球之后，于1610年发现了lo，Europa，Ganymede和CaIlisto，但他一点也不知道他正在启动行星科学领域。四百年后，我们发现木星的伽利略卫星封装了不同的极端，就像一个微型的太阳系。尽管在同一地方形成了各种行为，但它们却是如此不同。卡利斯托（Callisto）是太阳能系统中最严重的陨石坑之一，火热的艾奥（Io）陨石坑最少，也是火山活动最活跃的冰冷欧罗巴，很可能包含最大的水域，木卫三是唯一具有自己的自生磁场的卫星。它们是我们遇到的最独特的行星体中的一部分，它们对我们讲述太阳系开始时的状况，行星的形成方式以及甚至可能的生命栖息地也有很多要告诉我们的内容。艾伦·查普曼（Allan Chapman）博士讲述了伽利略的故事，以及他如何通过观察获得名利。然后，副编辑艾米丽·鲍德温（Emily Baldwin）博士对这四个卫星分别进行了描述，并熟练地将它们变成了令人兴奋的世界。

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