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首页> 外文期刊>Astroparticle physics >Are gamma-ray bursts the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays?
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Are gamma-ray bursts the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays?

机译：伽马射线会否爆发超高能宇宙射线的来源？

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We reconsider the possibility that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the sources of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) within the internal shock model, assuming a pure proton composition of the UHECRs. For the first time, we combine the information from gamma-rays, cosmic rays, prompt neutrinos, and cosmogenic neutrinos quantitatively in a joint cosmic ray production and propagation model, and we show that the information on the cosmic energy budget can be obtained as a consequence. In addition to the neutron model, we consider alternative scenarios for the cosmic ray escape from the GRBs, i.e., that cosmic rays can leak from the sources. We find that the dip model, which describes the ankle in UHECR observations by the pair production dip, is strongly disfavored in combination with the internal shock model because (a) unrealistically high baryonic loadings (energy in protons versus energy in electrons/gamma-rays) are needed for the individual GRBs and (b) the prompt neutrino flux easily overshoots the corresponding neutrino bound. On the other hand, GRBs may account for the UHECRs in the ankle transition model if cosmic rays leak out from the source at the highest energies. In that case, we demonstrate that future neutrino observations can efficiently test most of the parameter space unless the baryonic loading is much larger than previously anticipated. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：我们重新考虑伽马射线爆发（GRB）是内部冲击模型中超高能宇宙射线（UHECR）的来源的可能性，假设UHECR的质子组成是纯的。第一次，我们在联合的宇宙射线产生和传播模型中，将来自伽马射线，宇宙射线，瞬发中微子和宇宙成因中微子的信息定量地结合起来，并且表明关于宇宙能量收支的信息可以作为后果。除了中子模型外，我们还考虑了宇宙射线从GRB逸出的替代方案，即宇宙射线可能从辐射源泄漏出来。我们发现倾角模型（通过成对产倾角描述UHECR观测值中的脚踝）与内部震荡模型相结合是非常不利的，因为（a）不现实的高重负荷（质子能量与电子/伽马射线能量相比） ）是单个GRB所需要的;（b）迅速的中微子通量很容易超过相应的中微子束缚。另一方面，如果宇宙射线以最高能量从光源泄漏出来，则GRB可能会在脚踝过渡模型中解释UHECR。在那种情况下，我们证明了未来的中微子观测可以有效地测试大多数参数空间，除非重子载荷比以前预期的大得多。 （C）2014 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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