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Sources of efficient acceleration of solar flare particles: Observational aspects

机译：太阳耀斑粒子有效加速的来源：观测方面

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This work continues earlier statistical analyses of catalogued proton events in cosmic rays. The spectra of proton enhancements identified from the logarithm of the ratio of the proton fluxes with energies exceeding 100 and 10 MeV, delta = log(F-100/F-10), are studied focusing on 172 powerful events with favorable conditions for escaping from the corona and subsequent propagation in the interplanetary space. The delta distribution for the flares is Gaussian, with a comparatively weak spread in delta. The distribution maximum corresponds to an excess of the 10 MeV flux over the 100 MeV flux by a factor of 30. The fact such a frequent spectrum does exist supports the idea that both soft and hard protons are efficiently accelerated, probably by a single mechanism that operates during the explosive phases of the flares. The sizes of the loops of M2-X4 flares observed by the Yohkoh Hard X-Ray Telescope at energies exceeding 50 keV indicate low heights for the main acceleration regions. There is some excess over the Gaussian distribution for "softer" events. Some post-eruptive phenomena can be clearly distinguished in these events, and they display a correlation between delta and the total flare duration. Thus, there are two sources of the particle acceleration operating at low and high altitudes during the explosive and post-eruptive phases of the solar flares, respectively. The second source, which is manifested through some prolonged flares and filament-ejection phenomena, accelerates protons only to energies of 10-30 MeV.
机译：这项工作将继续对宇宙射线中分类的质子事件进行早期统计分析。根据能量超过100和10 MeV的质子通量比的对数确定的质子增强光谱，δ= log（F-100 / F-10），重点研究了172个强事件且具有逃逸的有利条件日冕和随后在行星际空间的传播。耀斑的三角洲分布是高斯分布，三角洲的分布相对较弱。分布最大值对应于10 MeV通量比100 MeV通量超出30倍的事实。确实存在如此频繁的频谱这一事实支持这样的想法，即软质子和硬质子都可以有效地加速，这可能是通过单一机理在火炬的爆炸阶段运行。由Yohkoh硬X射线望远镜在能量超过50 keV时观察到的M2-X4耀斑回线的大小表明，主要加速区域的高度较低。对于“较软”的事件，高斯分布有一些多余的东西。在这些事件中，可以清楚地区分出某些喷发后现象，并且它们显示出增量与总耀斑持续时间之间的相关性。因此，在太阳耀斑的爆炸阶段和喷发后阶段，分别有两种在低空和高空运行的粒子加速源。第二种来源通过一些长时间的耀斑和细丝喷射现象而显现，它仅将质子加速到能量为10-30 MeV。

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