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The relative influences of movement kinematics and extrinsic object characteristics on the perception of lifted weight

机译：运动学和外在物体特征对举重感知的相对影响

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摘要

Humans are able to perceive unique types of biological motion presented as point-light displays (PLDs). Thirty years ago, Runeson and Frykholm (Human Perception and Performance, 7(4), 733, 1981, Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 112(4), 585, 1983) studied observers’ perceptions of weights lifted by actors and identified that the kinematic information in a PLD is sufficient for an observer to form an accurate perception of the object weight. However, research has also shown that extrinsic object size characteristics also influence the perception of object weight (Gordon, Forssberg, Johansson, & Westling in Experimental Brain Research, 83(3), 477–482, 1991). This study addresses the relative contributions of these two types of visual information to observers’ perceptions of lifted weight, through an experiment in which participants viewed an actor lifting boxes of various sizes (small, medium, or large) and weights (25, 50, or 75 lb) under four PLD conditions—box-atrest, moving-box, actor-only, and actor-and-box—and one full-vision video condition, and then provided a weight estimate for each box lifted. The results indicated that lift kinematics and box size contributed independently to weight perception. Interestingly, the most robust weight differentiations were elicited in the conditions in which both types of information were presented concurrently, despite their converse natures. Furthermore, full-vision video presentation, which contained visual information beyond kinematics and object information, elicited the best estimates.
机译：人类能够感知以点光显示器（PLD）呈现的独特类型的生物运动。三十年前，Runeson和Frykholm（《人类的感知与表演》，第7（4），733，1981年，《实验心理学杂志：综合》，第112（4），585，1983年）研究了观察者对演员举重的感觉，并发现PLD中的运动学信息足以使观察者形成对物体重量的准确感知。但是，研究还表明，外部物体的尺寸特征也会影响物体重量的感知（Gordon，Forssberg，Johansson和Westling in Experimental Brain Research，83（3），477-482，1991）。这项研究通过一项实验，探讨了这两种视觉信息对观察者对举重的感知的相对贡献，在该实验中，参与者观看了各种尺寸（小，中或大）和重量（25、50，或75磅）在四个PLD条件下（静止的盒子，移动的盒子，仅演员和演员和盒子）以及一个全视觉视频条件，然后为每个提起的盒子提供重量估计。结果表明，举重运动学和箱子尺寸独立地影响体重知觉。有趣的是，在同时显示两种类型信息的条件下，尽管它们具有相反的性质，却引起了最强大的权重差异。此外，包含运动学和对象信息以外的视觉信息的全视力视频演示引出了最佳估计。

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