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首页> 外文期刊>Australasian journal of ecotoxicology: the official journal of the Australasian Society for Ecotoxicology >INVESTIGATIONS OF ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION USING GAMBUSIA - A REVIEW..
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INVESTIGATIONS OF ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION USING GAMBUSIA - A REVIEW..

机译：内窥镜对内分泌紊乱的调查-综述

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摘要

A number of model fish species have been proposed for the examination of the effects of exposure to endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and standard protocols for this examination have been developed. Where diversity and abundance of native fish fauna is low and endemism is high, the value of an exotic surrogate model is considerable, particularly where a surrogate is present in similar habitats to native species of interest. Gambusia are considered useful for this purpose due to their wide-spread distribution, tolerance to a wide range of environmental conditions, suitable lifecycle for study across various life stages, high level of sexual dimorphism, and well understood endocrinology. This review assembles and examines existing scientific knowledge on the use, value and limitations of using mosquitofish (Gambusia spp.) for investigating the presence of EDCs in freshwater aquatic systems. The different methodologies and endpoints utilised in studies of EDC impacts in gambusia range from gene expression, biochemical analysis, sperm production, histology, gross morphology, behaviour, through to population effects. Somatic measures and morphological reproductive endpoints are reviewed with a discussion of appropriate study design, experimental method and data analysis methods. Research demonstrating the utility of increasingly popular biochemical endpoints of exposure in studies of EDC effects in gambusia is discussed. The expression of the egg yolk protein, vitellogenin, in male gambusia appears due to exposure to estrogenic compounds, however, the biological implication of this induction remains unclear. Despite the wide variation in steroid hormone levels within a population, deviations in distinct ratios of 17b-estradiol to androgens for male and female fish have been shown to relate to exposure to EDCs. The usefulness of histological examination of the gonads and other organs in identifying exposure to EDCs is considered and evaluated. Finally, the difficulty in extrapolation of measured morphological, biochemical and histological endpoints to population level effects is discussed. ^g>Gambusia; mosquitofish; EDCs; gonopodium; reproduction.
机译：已经提出了许多模型鱼来检查暴露于内分泌干扰化合物（EDC）的影响，并且已经开发了用于该检查的标准方案。在本地鱼类动物的多样性和丰富度较低而地方特有性较高的地方，外来替代模型的价值是可观的，特别是在与感兴趣的本地物种相似的栖息地中存在替代的情况下。由于其广泛分布，对各种环境条件的耐受性，适合研究各个生命阶段的生命周期，较高的性二态性和充分理解的内分泌学，因此，藤黄被认为可用于此目的。这篇综述汇集并研究了有关使用蚊子鱼（Gambusia spp。）的用途，价值和局限性的现有科学知识，以研究淡水水生系统中EDC的存在。研究EDC对性欲低下的影响时所采用的不同方法和终点，从基因表达，生化分析，精子产生，组织学，总体形态，行为到种群效应。通过适当的研究设计，实验方法和数据分析方法的讨论，回顾了体细胞测量和形态生殖终点。讨论了研究，该研究证明了日益流行的接触生化终点在醉酒中EDC效应研究中的实用性。卵黄蛋白卵黄蛋白原在男性生殖器官中的表达是由于暴露于雌激素化合物引起的，然而，这种诱导的生物学含义仍不清楚。尽管人群中类固醇激素水平差异很大，但公母鱼中17b-雌二醇与雄激素比率的不同已显示与暴露于EDC有关。考虑并评估了性腺和其他器官的组织学检查在确定暴露于EDCs中的有用性。最后，讨论了将测得的形态学，生化和组织学终点外推至人群水平影响的难度。 ^ g> Gambusia;蚊鱼EDC;淋病再生产。

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