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首页> 外文期刊>Australasian Plant Pathology >Phytotoxicity of Fusarium solani culture filtrates from soybeans and other hosts assayed by stem cuttings
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Phytotoxicity of Fusarium solani culture filtrates from soybeans and other hosts assayed by stem cuttings

机译：用茎插法测定大豆和其他寄主的茄枯萎病菌培养滤液的植物毒性

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摘要

Fusarium solani infects roots of a number of different plant species and some strains produce phytotoxins. F. solani f. sp. glycines, the causal organism of sudden death syndrome (SDS) of soybean (Glycine max), colonises soybean roots and produces toxin(s) that are translocated to leaves and cause intervienal chlorosis and necrosis. Several experiments evaluated the phytotoxicity of cell-free culture filtrates of F. solani f. sp. glycines by immersing cuttings of soybean seedlings into filtrates to determine what in vitro growth conditions alter the phytotoxicity, and to determine the specificity of toxicity of F. solani f. sp. glycines and other F. solani on cuttings of soybean and other legume species. Foliar disease severity ratings of soybean cuttings in cell-free culture filtrates diluted 25- and 50-fold were higher than when diluted 100-fold or more. Cell-free culture filtrates originating from cultures grown at 15, 20, and 25degreesC caused greater (P = 0.05) foliar disease severity ratings on cutting than when the fungus was grown at 30degreesC. Cell-free culture filtrates of F. solani isolates from cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo) did not cause symptoms on soybean cuttings whereas filtrates of F. solani isolates obtained from other hosts caused some leaf chlorosis and/or necrotic spots. F. solani f. sp. glycines inoculated on eight legume species caused symptoms such as leaf chlorosis, defoliation, wilt or death on most of the species, but azuki bean (Vigna angularis), common pea (Pisum sativum) and vetch (Vicia sativa) were symptomless. Cell-free culture filtrates of F. solani f. sp. glycines caused foliar symptoms on all cuttings of legume species except for mung bean (Vigna radiata), although none of the symptoms matched the SDS symptoms observed on soybean foliage.
机译：枯萎镰刀菌感染许多不同植物物种的根，有些菌株产生植物毒素。索拉尼（F. solani） sp。甘氨酸是大豆突然死亡综合症（SDS）的病原体，在大豆根部定植并产生毒素，这些毒素易位至叶片并引起膜间萎黄和坏死。几个实验评估了无花茄的无细胞培养滤液的植物毒性。 sp。通过将大豆幼苗的插条浸入滤液中来测定甘氨酸，以确定哪些体外生长条件会改变植物毒性，并确定茄形镰刀菌的毒性特异性。 sp。大豆和其他豆科植物的插条上产生甘氨酸和其他茄子。稀释25倍和50倍的无细胞培养滤液中大豆插条的叶病严重程度等级比稀释100倍或更多倍时更高。与在30℃下生长的真菌相比，源自在15、20和25℃下生长的培养物的无细胞培养物滤液在切割时引起的叶病严重程度等级更高（P = 0.05）。来自黄瓜（Cucumis sativus）和南瓜（Cucurbita pepo）的茄红镰刀菌分离物的无细胞培养滤液不会在大豆插条上引起症状，而从其他宿主获得的茄红镰刀菌分离物的滤液引起一些叶绿化和/或坏死斑。索拉尼（F. solani） sp。在八种豆科植物上接种的甘氨酸导致大多数物种出现叶片萎黄，脱叶，枯萎或死亡等症状，但无籽豆（Vigna Angleis），普通豌豆（Pisum sativum）和v子（Vicia sativa）无症状。 F. solani f。的无细胞培养滤液。 sp。甘氨酸在除绿豆（Vigna radiata）外的所有豆类物种的插穗上均引起叶状症状，尽管这些症状均未与在大豆叶片上观察到的SDS症状相符。

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