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首页> 外文期刊>Australasian Plant Pathology >Assessment of resistance to root-lesion and root-knot nematodes in Australian hybrid clones of sugarcane and its wild relatives
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Assessment of resistance to root-lesion and root-knot nematodes in Australian hybrid clones of sugarcane and its wild relatives

机译：澳大利亚甘蔗及其野生近缘杂种无性系对根部和根结线虫的抗性评估

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摘要

Root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus zeae) and root knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) are the two most important nematode pathogens of sugarcane in Australia. They cause significant yield loss but there are no known varieties with resistance. A research project commenced in 2011 to assess the level of nematode resistance in the progenies from clones derived from crosses between sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) and Erianthus spp. or Saccharum spontaneum Since standard methods of assessing nematode resistance in sugarcane clones were not available, the study aimed to develop rapid, effective and reliable methods for the screening of large numbers of clones for resistance to root lesion and root knot nematodes. A second objective was to determine the resistance of basic Saccharum spp., their wild relatives and some selected crosses to these two nematodes. Shoot and root biomass, reproduction factors (RF) and number of nematodes (or eggs) per g of roots were used to assess resistance levels. A visual rating of root galling was also used for root knot nematodes. The RF value, nematodes or eggs per g of roots, and visual rating (for root-knot nematode) were highly correlated. Resistant and susceptible clones were distinguished using any of these methods. It is concluded that the RF values can be used to detect nematode resistance in large numbers of clones. In the case of root-knot nematodes, visual gall ratings produced results that were similar to egg counts, and could be used as an alternative in future. For advanced clones, rating based on nematodes or eggs per g of root is likely to provide more accurate results. Basic S. spontaneum, E. arundinaceus clones and some progeny clones from crosses between these wild canes and commercial sugarcane clones, or from further backcrosses between these and sugarcane clones, were found to be resistant or moderately resistant to root-knot and root lesion-nematode. These clones are being further tested in the glasshouse and in the field, and should be useful sources of resistance for root-lesion and root-knot nematodes for sugarcane breeding programs.
机译：根部线虫（Pratylenchus zeae）和根结线虫（Meloidogyne javanica）是澳大利亚甘蔗的两种最重要的线虫病原体。它们会导致明显的产量损失，但尚无已知的具有抗性的品种。 2011年启动了一个研究项目，以评估甘蔗（Saccharum spp。）和Erianthus spp杂交获得的克隆后代中线虫的抗性水平。由于无法获得评估甘蔗克隆中线虫抗性的标准方法，因此该研究旨在开发一种快速，有效和可靠的方法来筛选大量克隆，以抗根部病虫害和根结线虫。第二个目的是确定碱性蔗糖菌，其野生近缘种以及一些对这两个线虫的抗性。每克根的枝条和根生物量，繁殖因子（RF）和线虫（或卵）数量用于评估抗药性水平。根结线虫的肉眼可见的根部咬伤等级也被使用。 RF值，每克根的线虫或卵与目视等级（对于根结线虫）高度相关。使用这些方法中的任何一种来区分抗性和易感性克隆。结论是，RF值可用于检测大量克隆中的线虫抗性。在根结线虫的情况下，目测胆虫评级得出的结果与卵数相似，并且将来可以用作替代方案。对于高级克隆，基于线虫或卵/每克根的评级可能会提供更准确的结果。发现来自这些野生甘蔗和商品甘蔗克隆之间的杂交，或者来自这些与甘蔗克隆之间的进一步回交的基础S. spontaneum，E。arundinaceus克隆和一些后代克隆对根结和根部病害具有抗性或中等抗性，线虫。这些克隆正在温室和野外进行进一步测试，应该成为甘蔗育种计划中根部和根结线虫抗性的有用来源。

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