Developments in the heat treatment of milk, namely, pasteurisation and sterilisation by UHT treatment, are discussed. The pasteurisation process has changed little in recent times and is therefore dealt with only briefly. The major developments have been in the UHT process, and this aspect is examined in detail. The incentive for change has been economic considerations, and the steps taken recently to improve the cost factors in UHT plant are considered in the context of practical plants installed. The various plant options available are then compared on all aspects of performance.
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