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首页> 外文期刊>Auris, nasus, larynx >Acute epiglottitis in Iceland 1983-2005.
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Acute epiglottitis in Iceland 1983-2005.

机译：1983-2005年在冰岛发生急性会厌炎。

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OBJECTIVE: To describe the changes in the epidemiology of epiglottitis in Iceland from 1983 to 2005. METHODS: All patients with the discharge diagnosis of epiglottitis during the study years were identified and diagnosis confirmed by chart review. Main outcome measures were age, gender, month/year of diagnosis, microbiology, airway management, ICU admissions, choice of antibiotics, length of hospital stay and major complications/mortality. RESULTS: Fifty-seven patients were identified (annual incidence 0.93/100.000). The mean age was 33.3 years (1-82). Childhood epiglottitis disappeared after introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination in 1989 but adult disease showed non-significant increase. In the pre-vaccination era Hib was the most common organism cultured but it has not been diagnosed in Iceland since 1991 and Streptococci are now the leading cause of epiglottitis. The mean hospital stay was 5.05 nights with 51% of patients admitted to ICU. All children under 10 years and a total 30% of patients received airway intervention. Ninety percent of adults were observed without airway intervention. Major complications were rare and mortality was 0% in our series. CONCLUSION: There have been major changes in the epidemiology of epiglottitis in Iceland during the study period. Previously a childhood disease, epiglottitis has disappeared in children and is now almost exclusively found in adults. This can be attributed to widespread Hib vaccination, eliminating the major causative agent in children. The treatment of this life-threatening disease remains a challenge. Our series suggest that it is safe to observe patients with mild/moderate symptoms without airway intervention.
机译：目的：描述1983年至2005年在冰岛的流行病的流行病学变化。方法：确定研究期间所有患有会厌炎出院诊断的患者，并通过图表复查确认诊断。主要结局指标包括年龄，性别，诊断月份/年份，微生物学，气道管理，ICU入院，选择抗生素，住院时间和主要并发症/死亡率。结果：确定了57例患者（每年发生率0.93 / 100.000）。平均年龄为33.3岁（1-82）。 1989年引入乙型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗后，儿童会厌炎消失了，但成人疾病无明显增加。在疫苗接种前的时期，Hib是最常见的培养生物，但自1991年以来在冰岛没有被诊断出来，而链球菌现已成为会厌炎的主要原因。平均住院时间为5.05晚，其中51％的患者入住ICU。所有10岁以下的儿童以及总共30％的患者接受了气道干预。在没有气道干预的情况下，观察到百分之九十的成年人。在本系列中，主要并发症很少见，死亡率为0％。结论：在研究期间，冰岛会厌炎的流行病学发生了重大变化。会厌炎以前是儿童时期的疾病，现已在儿童中消失，现在几乎只在成年人中发现。这可以归因于广泛的Hib疫苗接种，从而消除了儿童的主要病原体。这种威胁生命的疾病的治疗仍然是一个挑战。我们的系列建议在没有气道干预的情况下观察具有轻度/中度症状的患者是安全的。

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