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River mapping from a flying robot: state estimation, river detection, and obstacle mapping

机译:飞行机器人的河流地图:状态估计,河流检测和障碍物映射

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摘要

Accurately mapping the course and vegetation along a river is challenging, since overhanging trees block GPS at ground level and occlude the shore line when viewed from higher altitudes. We present a multimodal perception system for the active exploration and mapping of a river from a small rotorcraft. We describe three key components that use computer vision, laser scanning, inertial sensing and intermittant GPS to estimate the motion of the rotorcraft, detect the river without a prior map, and create a 3D map of the riverine environment. Our hardware and software approach is cognizant of the need to perform multi-kilometer missions below tree level with size, weight and power constraints. We present experimental results along a 2 km loop of river using a surrogate perception payload. Overall we can build an accurate 3D obstacle map and a 2D map of the river course and width from light onboard sensing.
机译:准确绘制河道和植被的地图具有挑战性,因为悬垂的树木会阻挡GPS在地面上的位置,并且从更高的高度观察时会遮挡海岸线。我们提出了一种多模式感知系统,用于从小型旋翼机主动探索和绘制河流。我们描述了三个关键组件,这些组件使用计算机视觉,激光扫描,惯性传感和间歇式GPS来估算旋翼飞机的运动,在没有先验地图的情况下检测河流并创建河流环境的3D地图。我们的硬件和软件方法认识到需要在树的水平下执行具有大小,重量和功率约束的多公里任务。我们使用替代感知有效载荷沿2公里的河流环路呈现实验结果。总体而言,我们可以从机载光传感器上绘制出准确的3D障碍物地图以及河道和宽度的2D地图。

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