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首页> 外文期刊>Aviation, space, and environmental medicine. >Civil aviation rules on crew flight time, flight duty, and rest: comparison of 10 ICAO member states.
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Civil aviation rules on crew flight time, flight duty, and rest: comparison of 10 ICAO member states.

机译：民航关于机组人员飞行时间，飞行职责和休息的规则：国际民航组织10个成员国的比较。

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INTRODUCTION: Members of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) use various criteria to control flight crew scheduling and rest periods with the intention of reducing fatigue and thus improving airline safety. Comparison of these rules across nations may allow future harmonization of the criteria. METHODS: The regulations of 10 ICAO member states were compiled to determine the factors used by each to control scheduling. RESULTS: We identified 12 factors that are used by member states in their regulations; specific nations use 4-7 of these factors. The most frequently used criteria and the number of states using them include Duty Time (N = 8), Crew Augmentation (N = 8), Night Flight (N = 7), Number of Flight Segments (pairs of takeoffs and landings--T/L) (N = 6), Flight Range (N = 6), Flight Time (N = 5), and Number of Crew (N = 5). All 10 states have established limits on Flight Time and/or Duty Time, and 6 have requirements related to Previous Rest and/or Night Sleep. Seven member statesundertake regulation of Night Flying, but they vary in defining "night" and the maximum permissible duration of night duty. All states limit flying hours on a monthly and yearly basis, but the specified limits vary. DISCUSSION: Although the 10 states in this study have common aims and premises for regulating crew duty, their regulations diverge with respect to details, using different tools in an effort to prevent the occurrence of excessive fatigue in aircrew members.
机译：简介：国际民用航空组织（ICAO）的成员使用各种标准来控制机组人员的日程安排和休息时间，以减少疲劳并因此提高航空公司的安全性。各国之间对这些规则的比较可能使将来的标准保持一致。方法：汇编了国际民航组织10个成员国的法规，以确定每个成员国用来控制计划的因素。结果：我们确定了成员国在其法规中使用的12个因素。特定国家/地区使用这些因素中的4-7。最常用的标准和使用它们的州数包括值勤时间（N = 8），机组扩展（N = 8），夜间飞行（N = 7），飞行段数（起飞和降落对数-T / L）（N = 6），飞行范围（N = 6），飞行时间（N = 5）和机组人数（N = 5）。所有10个州都对飞行时间和/或值班时间建立了限制，而6个州都与以前的休息和/或夜间睡眠有关。七个成员国遵守《夜间飞行》的规定，但在定义“夜间”和最大允许的夜间值勤时间方面有所不同。所有州都每月和每年限制飞行时间，但指定的限制有所不同。讨论：尽管本研究中的10个州在规范机组人员职责方面具有共同的目的和前提，但它们的法规在细节方面有所不同，使用不同的工具来防止机组人员过度疲劳。

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