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首页> 外文期刊>Icarus: International Journal of Solar System Studies >Moonshine: Diurnally varying hydration through natural distillation on the Moon, detected by the Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND)
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Moonshine: Diurnally varying hydration through natural distillation on the Moon, detected by the Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND)

机译：月光：通过月球探索中子探测器（LEND）探测到的通过自然蒸馏在月球上的水化变化

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The Lunar Exploration Neutron Detector (LEND), on the polar-orbiting Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) spacecraft, has detected suppression in the Moon's naturally-occurring epithermal neutron leakage flux that is consistent with the presence of diurnally varying quantities of hydrogen in the regolith near the equator. Peak hydrogen concentration (neutron flux suppression) is on the dayside of the dawn terminator and diminishes through the dawn-to-noon sector. The minimum concentration of hydrogen is in the late afternoon and dusk sector. The chemical form of hydrogen is not determinable from these measurements, but other remote sensing methods and anticipated elemental availability suggest water molecules or hydroxyl ions. Signal-to-noise ratio at maximum contrast is 5.6 sigma in each of two detector systems. Volatiles are deduced to collect in or on the cold nightside surface and distill out of the regolith after dawn as rotation exposes the surface to sunlight. Liberated volatiles migrate away from the warm subsolar region toward the nearby cold nightside surface beyond the terminator, resulting in maximum concentration at the dawn terminator. The peak concentration within the upper similar to 1 m of regolith is estimated to be 0.0125 +/- 0.0022 weight-percent water-equivalent hydrogen (wt% WEH) at dawn, yielding an accumulation of 190 +/- 30 ml recoverable water per square meter of regolith at each dawn. Volatile transport over the lunar surface in opposition to the Moon's rotation exposes molecules to solar ultraviolet radiation. The short lifetime against photolysis and permanent loss of hydrogen from the Moon requires a resupply rate that greatly exceeds anticipated delivery of hydrogen by solar wind implantation or by meteoroid impacts, suggesting that the surface inventory must be continually resupplied by release from a deep volatile inventory in the Moon. The natural distillation of water from the regolith by sunlight and its capture on the cold night surface may provide energy-efficient access to volatiles for in situ resource utilization (ISRU) by direct capture before volatiles can enter the surface, eliminating the need to actively mine regolith for volatile resource recovery. (c) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
机译：极地月球侦察轨道飞行器（LRO）航天器上的月球探索中子探测器（LEND）已检测到月球自然发生的超热中子泄漏通量受到抑制，这与重排石中氢的日变化量一致在赤道附近。氢浓度峰值（中子通量抑制）在黎明终结者的白天，并在黎明到中午之间逐渐减小。氢气的最低浓度在下午晚些时候和黄昏时段。氢的化学形式不能从这些测量值中确定，但是其他遥感方法和预期的元素可用性表明水分子或氢氧根离子。在两个探测器系统中的每个系统中，最大对比度下的信噪比均为5.6 sigma。推论挥发物聚集在寒冷的夜间表面内或表面上，并在黎明后蒸馏，因为旋转使表面暴露于阳光下，蒸馏出水灰石。释放出的挥发物从温暖的太阳下区域移到终结者以外的附近寒冷的夜面，导致黎明终结者处的浓度最大。在黎明时，类似于1 m的白云母的上部的峰值浓度估计为0.0125 +/- 0.0022重量百分比的水当量氢（wt％WEH），每平方英尺产生190 +/- 30 ml的可回收水积聚在每个黎明米。与月球自转相反，月球表面的挥发性运输使分子暴露于太阳紫外线辐射下。防止光解的寿命短，以及氢从月球中永久丢失，需要的补给率要大大超过通过太阳风注入或流星体撞击而产生的预期氢输送量，这表明必须通过从深层挥发性物质释放释放不断地补充表面物质。月亮。太阳光从重膏石中自然蒸馏出水并将其捕获在寒冷的夜表面上，可以通过在挥发物进入地表之前直接捕获提供高能效途径获取挥发物，以进行现场资源利用（ISRU），从而无需积极开采重新分配用于不稳定的资源恢复。 （c）2015作者。由Elsevier Inc.发布

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