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首页> 外文期刊>Atmosfera >Combined IR-microwave satellite retrieval of temperature and moisture profiles using the ICI inversion system and its application in the MM5 model
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Combined IR-microwave satellite retrieval of temperature and moisture profiles using the ICI inversion system and its application in the MM5 model

机译：使用ICI反演系统结合红外-微波卫星对温度和湿度曲线的反演及其在MM5模型中的应用

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Radiance measurements from satellites offer the opportunity to retrieve atmospheric variables at much higher horizontal resolution than is presently afforded by in-situ measurements (e.g., radiosondes). However, the accuracy of these retrievals is crucial to their usefulness, and the ill-posed nature of the problem precludes a straightforward solution. A number of retrieval approaches have been investigated, including empirical techniques, coupling with numerical weather prediction models, and data analysis techniques such as regression. In this paper, the inversion coupled with imager (10) scheme is used to retrieve vertical temperature and moisture profiles from infrared and microwave brightness temperatures from a polar-orbiting satellite. The bias and root mean square (RMS) deviations were assessed for the winter and summer conditions over land and sea, separately, using the National Center for Envirommental Prediction (NCEP) reanalysis data. The results showed the RMS error of temperature in the lower troposphere to be about 2 K. On the other hand, the RMS errors of the moisture profiles are found to be about 1 g kg(-1). However, below 850 hPa the errors were of the order of about 3.5 K and 3 g kg(-1) for the temperature and moisture profiles over the land and about 2.5 K and 2.0 g kg(-1) over the sea. Two numerical experiments are designed, one control simulation without assimilation of observations, and another in which the advanced microwave sounding unit (AMSU) together with high-resolution infrared radiacion sounder (HIRS) retrieved temperature and moisture profiles are assimilated for the prediction of two tropical cyclones, which formed over the Bay of Bengal during 24 to 27 November 2002 and during 16 to 18 May 2004. The model run with assimilation of AMSU and HIRS could simulate the wind and thermodynamic structures associated with a tropical cyclone better than the control run. The spatial pattern of the precipitation simulated by the model with assimilation is in good agreement with the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) rainfall observations for the November 2002 cyclone case. The time series of minimum sea level pressure and maximum wind speed simulated by the model run with assimilation are closer to the corresponding observations when compared with the control simulation.
机译：卫星的辐射测量结果提供了以比目前现场测量（例如探空仪）更高的水平分辨率检索大气变量的机会。但是，这些检索的准确性对它们的实用性至关重要，并且问题的不适定性质阻止了直接的解决方案。已经研究了许多检索方法，包括经验技术，与数值天气预报模型的耦合以及数据分析技术（例如回归）。在本文中，结合了成像器（10）方案的反演用于从极地轨道卫星的红外和微波亮度温度中检索垂直温度和湿度分布。使用国家环境预测中心（NCEP）重新分析数据，分别评估了陆地和海洋冬季和夏季条件下的偏差和均方根（RMS）偏差。结果表明，对流层下部温度的RMS误差约为2K。另一方面，水分分布的RMS误差约为1 g kg（-1）。但是，在850 hPa以下，陆地上的温度和湿度剖面的误差约为3.5 K和3 g kg（-1），而海上的误差约为2.5 K和2.0 g kg（-1）。设计了两个数值实验，一个是不进行观测同化的控制模拟，另一次是将先进的微波测深仪（AMSU）与高分辨率红外辐射测深仪（HIRS）检索到的温度和湿度剖面进行同化，以预测两个热带在2002年11月24日至27日以及2004年5月16日至18日期间在孟加拉湾形成的气旋。与AMSU和HIRS的同化运行的模型比模拟运行更好地模拟了与热带气旋有关的风和热力结构。该模型在同化作用下模拟的降水的空间格局与2002年11月的热带气旋测量任务（TRMM）降雨观测结果非常吻合。与控制模拟相比，由同化模型运行模拟的最小海平面压力和最大风速的时间序列更接近相应的观测值。

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