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首页> 外文期刊>Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters >Two new species of trouts, resident and migratory, sympatric in streams of northern Anatolia (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae)
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Two new species of trouts, resident and migratory, sympatric in streams of northern Anatolia (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae)

机译：两种新的鳟鱼，常驻和迁徙，在安纳托利亚北部溪流中同养（鲑形目：鲑科）

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摘要

Salmo rizeensis, new species, is described from the upper part of streams and rivers draining to the south and southeastern Black Sea, and S. coruhensis, new species, from the lower and the middle part of the streams and rivers of the same area. Salmorizeensis is distinguished by a small size (maximum known size 250 mm SL); a single conspicuous black spot behind eye; black spots on the back and upper part of flank; no black spot on the middle part of body in specimens larger than 200 mm SL; red spots few, organised in three or four irregular rows on middle part of body, distinctly ocellated; maxilla long and narrow. Salmo coruhensis is distinguished by a large size (maximum size up to at least 800 mm SL); 4-17 black spots behind eye (cheek and preopercle) in large adult males; black spots on back, flank and middle part of body in males larger than 200 mm, very few in females smaller than 300 mm SL; number of black and red spots increasing with increasing size (not increasing in S. rizeensis); redspots in median part of body, surrounded by irregularly shaped white ring; maxilla short and narrow. The two species occur in sympatry in several streams, and occasionally in syntopy. Molecular analyses (nuclear [ITS1] and mitochondrial genes [cytochromeb]) show that they belong to distinct lineages and support their specific distinctness. In our study, the resident trouts of different drainages are more closely related to each other than to the migratory ones in the same drainages, and vice versa. This contradicts the credo that resident and migratory trouts in a given stream are only 'forms' of the same species with different life histories. We do not extrapolate this to be the case in other drainages and for other species, but this calls for a more cautious treatment of the taxonomy, diversity and conservation of trouts at a local level.
机译：从流向黑海南部和东南部的河流和河流的上部描述了新物种Salmo rizeensis，而从同一地区的河流和河流的下部和中部描述了新物种S. coruhensis。 Salmorizeensis的特点是尺寸小（最大已知尺寸为250 mm SL）;眼睛后面有一个明显的黑点;侧面背部和上部有黑点; SL大于200 mm的标本在身体中部没有黑点;很少的红色斑点，在身体的中间部分排列成三到四个不规则的行，明显地被除去。上颌骨长而狭窄。 Salmo coruhensis的特点是尺寸大（最大尺寸不超过800 mm SL）;大型成年男性的眼睛后面有4-17个黑点（颊和前oper）;雄性大于200毫米的男性背部，侧面和身体中部出现黑点，雌性小于300毫米的女性很少。黑色和红色斑点的数量随着大小的增加而增加（在S. rizeensis中没有增加）;身体中部有红点，周围有不规则形状的白色环;上颌短而狭窄。这两个物种以共生的形式出现在多个流中，偶尔也存在于对立中。分子分析（核[ITS1]和线粒体基因[cytochromeb]）显示它们属于不同的谱系，并支持其特定的独特性。在我们的研究中，不同排水沟的常驻鳟鱼相互之间的联系比同一排水沟内的迁徙鳟鱼之间的联系更为紧密，反之亦然。这与给定溪流中的常驻鳟鱼和迁徙鳟鱼只是具有不同生活史的同一物种的“形式”相矛盾。我们不推断在其他流域和其他物种中会出现这种情况，但这要求在地方一级对鳟鱼的分类，多样性和养护更加谨慎地对待。

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