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Influence of meteorological variability on interannual variations of springtime boundary layer ozone over Japan during 1981-2005

机译：1981-2005年日本气象边界变化对春季边界层臭氧年际变化的影响

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摘要

We investigated the influence of meteorological variability on the interannual variation of springtime boundary layer ozone over Japan during 1981-2005 by multiyear simulations with the Models-3 Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system and the Regional Emission Inventory in Asia (REAS). CMAQ/REAS generally reproduced the observed interannual variability of springtime ozone over Japan, showing year-to-year variations larger than the annual rate of increase of the long-term trend. We then analyzed the influence of the interannual variation of meteorology in simulated results by using the fixed emissions for 2000 and meteorological fields for each year. As a reference parameter, we calculated the area-weighted surface pressure anomaly over the Pacific Ocean east of Japan. When the anomaly has a large negative value, polluted air masses from continental Asia tend to be transported directly to Japan by westerly winds. In contrast, when the anomaly has a large positive value, influence of the outflow from continental Asia tends to be small because the westerly components of wind fields around Japan are comparatively weak. Instead, southerly winds are relatively strong and transport clean air masses from the Pacific Ocean to Japan. Consequently, springtime ozone over Japan is higher (lower) than in ordinary years when the anomaly has a large negative (positive) value. In general, the interannual variation of springtime ozone over Japan is sensitive to the outflow from continental Asia. We also found some correlation between springtime ozone over Japan and the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation, indicating that higher and lower springtime ozone over Japan are related to La Ni?a and El Ni?o, respectively. Differences in the meridional displacement and diversity of cyclone tracks near Japan between El Ni?o and La Ni?a years may be responsible for interannual variations in the springtime boundary layer ozone over Japan.
机译：我们使用Models-3社区多尺度空气质量（CMAQ）建模系统和亚洲区域排放清单（REAS）进行了多年模拟，调查了1981-2005年日本气象边界变化对春季边界层臭氧年际变化的影响。 CMAQ / REAS一般复制了日本春季观测到的春季臭氧的年际变化，显示出逐年变化大于长期趋势的年增长率。然后，我们使用2000年的固定排放量和每年的气象领域，分析了气象年际变化对模拟结果的影响。作为参考参数，我们计算了日本东部太平洋上的面积加权表面压力异常。当异常值具有较大的负值时，来自亚洲大陆的受污染的空气团往往会通过西风直接运往日本。相反，当异常值具有较大的正值时，由于日本周围风场的西风分量相对较弱，亚洲大陆流出的影响往往较小。相反，南风相对较强，将干净的空气团从太平洋运送到日本。因此，当异常值具有较大的负（正）值时，日本的春季臭氧含量高于（较低）普通年份。总的来说，日本春季臭氧的年际变化对亚洲大陆的流出很敏感。我们还发现日本的春季臭氧与厄尔尼诺-南方涛动之间存在一定的相关性，这表明日本的较高和较低的春季臭氧分别与拉尼娜和厄尔尼诺有关。 El Ni？o和La Ni？a年之间日本附近旋风径的子午位移和多样性的差异可能是造成日本春季边界层臭氧年际变化的原因。

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