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首页> 外文期刊>Atmospheric chemistry and physics >Fossil and non-fossil sources of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in G?teborg, Sweden
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Fossil and non-fossil sources of organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC) in G?teborg, Sweden

机译：瑞典哥德堡的有机碳（OC）和元素碳（EC）的化石和非化石来源

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Particulate matter was collected at an urban site in G?teborg (Sweden) in February/March 2005 and in June/July 2006. Additional samples were collected at a rural site for the winter period. Total carbon (TC) concentrations were 2.1-3.6 μg; m~(-3), 1.8-1.9 μg m~(-3), and 2.2-3.0 μg m~(-3) for urban/winter, rural/winter, and urban/summer conditions, respectively. Elemental carbon (EC), organic carbon (OC), water-insoluble OC (WINSOC), and water-soluble OC (WSOC) were analyzed for ~(14)C in order to distinguish fossil from non-fossil emissions. As wood burning is the single major source of non-fossil EC, its contribution can be quantified directly. For non-fossil OC, the wood-burning fraction was determined independently by levoglucosan and ~(14)C analysis and combined using Latin-hypercube sampling (LHS). For the winter period, the relative contribution of EC from wood burning to the total EC was >3 times higher at the rural site compared to the urban site, whereas the absolute concentrations of EC from wood burning were elevated only moderately at the rural compared to the urban site. Thus, the urban site is substantially more influenced by fossil EC emissions. For summer, biogenic emissions dominated OC concentrations most likely due to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. During both seasons, a more pronounced fossil signal was observed for G?teborg than has previously been reported for Zurich, Switzerland. Analysis of air mass origin using back trajectories suggests that the fossil impact was larger when local sources dominated, whereas longrange transport caused an enhanced non-fossil signal. In comparison to other European locations, concentrations of levoglucosan and other monosaccharide anhydrides were low for the urban and the rural site in the area of G?teborg during winter.
机译：2005年2月/ 3月和2006年6月/ 2006年6月/ 7月，在瑞典哥德堡的一个城市现场收集了颗粒物。冬季，在农村现场收集了一些样品。总碳（TC）浓度为2.1-3.6μg;对于城市/冬季，农村/冬季和城市/夏季条件分别为m〜（-3），1.8-1.9μgm〜（-3）和2.2-3.0μgm〜（-3）。分析了〜（14）C的元素碳（EC），有机碳（OC），水不溶性OC（WINSOC）和水溶性OC（WSOC），以区分化石和非化石排放。由于木材燃烧是非化石EC的单一主要来源，因此其贡献可以直接量化。对于非化石OC，通过左旋葡聚糖和〜（14）C分析独立确定木材燃烧分数，并使用拉丁超立方体采样（LHS）组合。在冬季，农村地区的木材燃烧产生的EC相对于总EC的相对贡献要比城市地区高3倍以上，而农村地区的木材燃烧产生的EC的绝对浓度仅比中等水平升高。城市站点。因此，城市站点受化石EC排放的影响更大。在夏季，由于二次有机气溶胶（SOA）的形成，生物排放占主导的OC浓度。在两个季节中，观测到的哥德堡化石信号都比以前在瑞士苏黎世所报道的更为明显。使用后向轨迹对气团起源进行的分析表明，当当地来源占主导地位时，化石的影响更大，而远距离运输导致增强的非化石信号。与欧洲其他地区相比，冬季在哥德堡地区的城市和农村地区，左旋葡聚糖和其他单糖酐的浓度较低。

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