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首页> 外文期刊>Immunity >Resistance Mechanisms to Immune-Checkpoint Blockade in Cancer: Tumor-Intrinsic and -Extrinsic Factors
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Resistance Mechanisms to Immune-Checkpoint Blockade in Cancer: Tumor-Intrinsic and -Extrinsic Factors

机译：癌症免疫检查点阻滞的耐药机制：肿瘤内在和外在因素。

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Inhibition of immune regulatory checkpoints, such as CTLA-4 and the PD-1-PD-L1 axis, is at the forefront of immunotherapy for cancers of various histological types. However, such immunotherapies fail to control neoplasia in a significant proportion of patients. Here, we review how a range of cancer-cell-autonomous cues, tumor-microenvironmental factors, and host-related influences might account for the heterogeneous responses and failures often encountered during therapies using immune-checkpoint blockade. Furthermore, we describe the emerging evidence of how the strong interrelationship between the immune system and the host microbiota can determine responses to cancer therapies, and we introduce a concept by which prior or concomitant modulation of the gut microbiome could optimize therapeutic outcomes upon immune-checkpoint blockade.
机译：抑制免疫调节检查点（例如CTLA-4和PD-1-PD-L1轴）在各种组织学类型的癌症的免疫治疗中处于最前沿。然而，这种免疫疗法不能控制相当大比例的患者的肿瘤形成。在这里，我们回顾了一系列癌细胞自主线索，肿瘤微环境因素以及与宿主相关的影响如何解释使用免疫检查点封锁疗法时经常遇到的异质性反应和失败。此外，我们描述了新兴证据，证明免疫系统与宿主菌群之间的强相互关系如何决定对癌症疗法的反应，并介绍了一种概念，通过该概念，肠道微生物组的先前或伴随调节可以优化免疫检查点的治疗效果封锁。

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