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首页> 外文期刊>IIE Transactions on Occupational Ergonomics and Human Factors >The Effect of Design and Placement of Work-Zone Warning Signs on Driver Speed Compliance: A Simulator-Based Study
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The Effect of Design and Placement of Work-Zone Warning Signs on Driver Speed Compliance: A Simulator-Based Study

机译：工作区警告标志的设计和放置对驾驶员速度顺应性的影响：基于模拟器的研究

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Background and Rationale: In recent years, the number of occupational fatalities occurring as a result of workers being struck by vehicles while on the job has remained high. Fatalities are especially apparent at road construction sites, where nearly half of the fatal occupational injuries were classified as a worker being struck by a moving vehicle, highlighting the need for research to identify techniques to reduce the incidence of injury in future years. Purpose: This project investigated how the characteristics of a dynamic message sign can impact driver compliance with posted information in work-zone settings, specifically signs indicating speed reduction. Methods: Driving simulation was used to assess the effects of three placement distances (305, 457, and 610 m before the work zone) and four sign designs (differing in whether the sign was static versus dynamic and the amount of information presented). The study was completed by 39 participants, during which driving speed and compliance with speed change were recorded. Results: Placement of the speed-reduction signs impacted driver behavior, with greater placement distances being associated with higher speed reduction and compliance rates. Speed reduction was also significantly impacted by sign design, with the largest speed reduction apparent with signs that are static or with dynamic signs that presented one complete statement per display frame. Conclusions: To achieve greater driver compliance with speed limits within work zones, greater sign placement distance is preferred. The content of dynamic message sign needs to be engineered to increase driver compliance by presenting direct, relevant information in concise and complete phrases.
机译：背景和理由：近年来，由于工人在工作中被车辆撞倒而导致的职业死亡人数仍然很高。死亡在道路施工现场尤其明显，那里将近一半的致命职业伤害归类为被行驶中的车辆撞倒的工人，这突出表明有必要进行研究以鉴定出可在未来几年中减少伤害发生率的技术。目的：该项目研究了动态消息标志的特性如何影响驾驶员对工作区设置中发布的信息的遵从性，特别是指示速度降低的标志。方法：驾驶模拟用于评估三个放置距离（工作区之前的305、457和610 m）和四个标志设计（标志是否是静态的还是动态的，以及所提供的信息量）的影响。该研究由39位参与者完成，在此过程中记录了行驶速度和对速度变化的依从性。结果：减速标志的放置影响了驾驶员的行为，更大的放置距离与更高的减速和顺从率相关。标牌设计也显着影响了速度的降低，其中最大的速度降低是静态的或动态的，每个显示框显示一个完整的语句。结论：为了使驾驶员更好地遵守工作区域内的速度限制，首选更大的标志放置距离。动态消息标志的内容需要经过精心设计，以简洁明了的方式显示直接，相关的信息，从而提高驾驶员的依从性。

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