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首页> 外文期刊>Annual review of marine science >Infectious Diseases Affect Marine Fisheries and Aquaculture Economics
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Infectious Diseases Affect Marine Fisheries and Aquaculture Economics

机译：传染病影响海洋渔业和水产养殖经济学

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摘要

Seafood is a growing part of the economy, but its economic value is diminished by marine diseases. Infectious diseases are common in the ocean, and here we tabulate 67 examples that can reduce commercial species' growth and survivorship or decrease seafood quality. These impacts seem most problematic in the stressful and crowded conditions of aquaculture, which increasingly dominates seafood production as wild fishery production plateaus. For instance, marine diseases of farmed oysters, shrimp, abalone, and various fishes, particularly Atlantic salmon, cost billions of dollars each year. In comparison, it is often difficult to accurately estimate disease impacts on wild populations, especially those of pelagic and subtidal species. Farmed species often receive infectious diseases from wild species and can, in turn, export infectious agents to wild species. However, the impact of disease export on wild fisheries is controversial because there are few quantitative data demonstrating that wild species near farms suffer more from infectious diseases than those in other areas. The movement of exotic infectious agents to new areas continues to be the greatest concern.
机译：海鲜是经济中不断增长的一部分，但海洋疾病却削弱了其经济价值。传染病在海洋中很常见，在这里我们列出了67个可以减少商业物种的生长和生存或降低海产品质量的示例。在紧张和拥挤的水产养殖条件下，这些影响似乎是最成问题的，因为水产养殖已成为野生渔业生产的主要平台，在海产品生产中日益占主导地位。例如，牡蛎，虾，鲍鱼和各种鱼类（特别是大西洋鲑鱼）的海洋疾病每年造成数十亿美元的损失。相比之下，通常很难准确估计疾病对野生种群的影响，尤其是对浮游和潮下物种的影响。养殖物种通常会从野生物种中感染传染病，进而可以向野生物种输出传染因子。但是，疾病出口对野生渔业的影响是有争议的，因为很少有定量数据表明，农场附近的野生物种比其他地区遭受的传染病影响更大。外来感染因子向新地区的转移仍然是最大的关注。

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