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首页> 外文期刊>In Vitro Cellular and Development Biology. Plant: Journal of the Tissue Culture Association >Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from floral explants of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) using thidiazuron.
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Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from floral explants of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) using thidiazuron.

机译：使用噻唑酮从可可（Theobroma cacao L.）的花外植体中体细胞胚发生和植物再生。

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摘要

A procedure for the regeneration of cacao (Theobroma cacao) plants from staminode explants via somatic embryogenesis was developed. Rapidly growing calluses were induced by culturing staminode explants on a DKW-based primary callus growth (PCG) medium supplemented with 20 g glucose/litre, 9 鍹 2,4-D, and thidiazuron (TDZ) at various concentrations (0, 22.7, 45.5, 113.6, 227.3 and 454.5 nM). Calli were subcultured onto a WPM-based secondary callus growth medium supplemented with 20 g glucose/litre,9 鍹 2,4-D, and 1.4 nM kinetin. Somatic embryos were formed from embryogenic calluses following transfer to a hormone-free DKW-based embryo development medium containing sucrose. The concentration of TDZ used in PCG medium significantly affected the rateof callus growth, the frequency of embryogenesis, and the number of somatic embryos produced from each responsive explant. A TDZ concentration of 22.7 nM was found to be the optimal concentration for effective induction of somatic embryos from various cacao genotypes. Using this procedure, somatic embryos were recovered from all 19 tested cacao genotypes, representing three major genetic group types. However, among these genotypes, a wide range of variation was observed in both the frequency of embryogenesis, which ranged from 1 to 100%, and the average number of somatic embryos produced from each responsive explant, which ranged from 2 to 46. Two types of somatic embryos were identified on the basis of their visual appearance and growth behaviour. Alarge number of cacao plants have been regenerated from somatic embryos and established in soil in a greenhouse. Plants showed morphological and growth characteristics similar to those of seed-derived plants. The described procedure may allow for the practical use of somatic embryogenesis for clonal propagation of elite cacao clones and other applications that require the production of a large number of plants from limited source materials.
机译：开发了通过体细胞胚发生从退化雄蕊外植体再生可可（Theobroma cacao）植物的方法。通过在添加了20 g葡萄糖/升，9鍹2,4-D和噻唑酮（TDZ）的DKW基初级愈伤组织（PCG）培养基上培养不同浓度（0、22.7， 45.5、113.6、227.3和454.5 nM）。将愈伤组织继代培养在补充了20 g葡萄糖/升，9×2,4-D和1.4 nM激动素的基于WPM的二级愈伤组织生长培养基上。在转移到含有蔗糖的无激素的基于DKW的胚胎发育培养基后，由胚性愈伤组织形成体细胞胚。在PCG培养基中使用的TDZ浓度会显着影响愈伤组织的生长速度，胚发生的频率以及从每种反应性外植体产生的体细胞胚的数量。发现TDZ浓度为22.7nM是有效诱导来自各种可可基因型的体细胞胚的最佳浓度。使用该程序，从代表三种主要遗传群类型的所有19种可可基因型中回收了体细胞胚。但是，在这些基因型中，在胚胎发生频率（范围从1％到100％）和平均从每个响应性外植体产生的体细胞胚的平均数量（从2到46个）中都观察到了很大的变异。两种类型根据它们的视觉外观和生长行为鉴定出体细胞胚。已经从体细胞胚再生了许多可可植物，并在温室的土壤中建立了它们。植物显示出与种子植物相似的形态和生长特征。所描述的程序可以允许体细胞胚胎发生在精英可可克隆的克隆繁殖中的实际应用以及其他需要从有限的来源生产大量植物的应用。

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