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首页> 外文期刊>Indian Journal of Weed Science >Residual effects of soybean herbicides on the succeeding winter crops
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Residual effects of soybean herbicides on the succeeding winter crops

机译：大豆除草剂对后续冬季作物的残留影响

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摘要

Pendimethalin is a dinitroaniline herbicide used for selective control of annual grasses and few small seeded broad-leaved weeds in several crops. It is absorbed by the roots and leaves, and inhibits cell division and cell elongation (BCPC and RSC.1994). Quizalofop-p-ethyl is a widely used selective, post-emergence aryloxyphenoxypropionate herbicide and is used to control annual and perennial grass weeds in soybean and other broad-leaved crops. It inhibits the acetyl CoA carboxylase enzyme, necessaryfor lipid synthesis in the plants. The imidazolinone herbicides (imazethapyr and imazamox) inhibit acetolactate synthase (ALS), a key enzyme in the biosynthesis of branched-chain amino acids valine, leucine, and iso-leucine. Once in the phloem and translocated to the site of action, the imidazolinones inhibit ALS, causing death of meristematic cells resulting in plant death (Masson and Webster 2001). They are applied either pre- or post-emergence as selective herbicides for broad-spectrum control of broad-leaf weeds and grasses in soybean and several other leguminous crops (Barkani et al. 2005). Wheat (Triticum aestivum), barley (Hordeum vulgare), spinach (Spinacia oleracea), pea (Pisitm sativum), raya (Brassica juncea), canola (Brassica napus) and sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris) are the important succeeding crops, grown after soybean in Punjab and neighbouring states of Haryana and Rajasthan. The crops have differential sensitivity to different herbicides. Sugar beet showed the highest sensitivity to imazamox followed by spinach, oilseed rape, fennel, cauliflower and lettuce that were damaged by imazamox while wheat, sunflower, grain sorghum and maize were far less sensitive to imazamox residues (Pannacci et al. 2006). Hence, studies on the residual effects of herbicide on the succeeding crops are important, before it is finally recommended for field applications to the farmers.
机译：戊二甲灵是一种二硝基苯胺除草剂，用于选择性控制几种作物中的一年生禾本科和少量种子阔叶杂草。它被根和叶吸收，并抑制细胞分裂和细胞伸长（BCPC和RSC.1994）。 Quizalofop-p-ethyl是一种广泛使用的选择性芽后芳氧基苯氧基丙酸酯除草剂，用于防治大豆和其他阔叶作物中的一年生和多年生杂草。它抑制植物中脂质合成所必需的乙酰辅酶A羧化酶。咪唑啉酮除草剂（imazethapyr和imazamox）抑制乙酰乳酸合酶（ALS），这是支链氨基酸缬氨酸，亮氨酸和异亮氨酸生物合成中的关键酶。咪唑啉酮一旦进入韧皮部并转移到作用部位，就会抑制ALS，导致分生组织细胞死亡，导致植物死亡（Masson和Webster 2001）。它们在芽前或芽后用作选择性除草剂，用于广谱防治大豆和其他几种豆科作物中的阔叶杂草和草（Barkani等，2005）。小麦（大麦），菠菜（菠菜），豌豆（Pisitm sativum），拉雅（Brassica juncea），油菜（甘蓝）和甜菜（Beta vulgaris）是继大豆之后种植的重要后代作物在旁遮普邦和哈里亚纳邦和拉贾斯坦邦的邻国。作物对不同除草剂的敏感性不同。甜菜表现出最高的对Imazamox的敏感性，其次是菠菜，油菜，茴香，花椰菜和生菜，它们受到Imazamox的损害，而小麦，向日葵，谷类高粱和玉米对Imazamox残留物的敏感性低得多（Pannacci等人2006）。因此，在最终将除草剂推荐给农民田间使用之前，研究除草剂对后续作物的残留作用至关重要。

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