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首页> 外文期刊>Indian Journal of Weed Science >Effect of water management practices and crop establishment techniques on weed growth and productivity of rice
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Effect of water management practices and crop establishment techniques on weed growth and productivity of rice

机译：水分管理措施和农作物种植技术对水稻杂草生长和生产力的影响

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摘要

In recent years, rice production was increased considerably with the introduction of high yielding varieties, but their maximum yield potential has not been fully realized owing to improper water and weed management. Weeds are supposed to be the foremost factor that causes heavy yield reduction which varies from 40 to 76 percent in broadcast seeded, 20 percent in drilled seeded and 11 to 20 percent in transplanting in puddle fields (Kolhe et al., 1983). Exposure of soil surface at any time during first three weeks after transplanting encourages weed germination (Moomaw et al., 1966). Whenever, there is no standing water in rice fields, weeds establish and compete with the crop more aggressively. Krishnakumar (1986) reported inverse relationship between weed dry matter production and degree of water application. Judicious use of water is essential in command areas for maintaining irrigation supplies during the entire growing season especially under poor water available conditions. Some times due to failure of monsoon, rice crop faces short term stress. This can be minimized by judicious planning of water resources. Transplanting is the traditional method in command areas normally adopted by the farmers. In few instances seedlings broadcasting isreported as a contingency measure to overcome labour scarcity and ensure timely transplanting. Information on viable and economic water management and stand establishment techniques on weed growth and productivity of rice is meager. Hence, the present investigation was undertaken.
机译：近年来，通过引入高产品种，水稻产量大幅度提高，但由于水和杂草管理不当，水稻的最大产量潜力尚未得到充分发挥。杂草被认为是造成大幅度减产的最主要因素，在水田中，杂种的播种降低了40％至76％，播种降低了20％，而移栽则降低了11％至20％（Kolhe等，1983）。在移植后的前三周中的任何时间暴露于土壤表面都会促进杂草萌发（Moomaw等，1966）。每当稻田中没有积水时，杂草就会更积极地与作物建立竞争。 Krishnakumar（1986）报道了杂草干物质生产与水施用程度之间的反比关系。在命令区域明智地使用水对于在整个生长季节尤其是在可用水条件差的情况下维持灌溉供应至关重要。有时由于季风歉收，水稻作物面临短期压力。通过明智地规划水资源，可以最大程度地减少这种情况。移植是农民通常采用的命令地区的传统方法。在少数情况下，报告播种是一种应急措施，目的是克服劳动力短缺并确保及时移植。关于稻米杂草生长和生产力的可行和经济的水管理信息以及林分建立技术很少。因此，进行了本次调查。

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