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The role of the basal ganglia and cerebellum in language processing.

机译：基底神经节和小脑在语言加工中的作用。

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The roles of the cerebellum and basal ganglia have typically been confined in the literature to motor planning and control. However, mounting evidence suggests that these structures are involved in more cognitive domains such as language processing. In the current study, we looked at effective connectivity (the influence that one brain region has on another) of the cerebellum and basal ganglia with regions thought to be involved in phonological processing, i.e. left inferior frontal gyrus and left lateral temporal cortex. We analyzed functional magnetic resonance imaging data (fMRI) obtained during a rhyming judgment task in adults using dynamic causal modeling (DCM). The results showed that the cerebellum has reciprocal connections with both left inferior frontal gyrus and left lateral temporal cortex, whereas the putamen has unidirectional connections into these two brain regions. Furthermore, the connections between cerebellum and these phonological processing areas were stronger than the connections between putamen and these areas. This pattern of results suggests that the putamen and cerebellum may have distinct roles in language processing. Based on research in the motor planning and control literature, we argue that the putamen engages in cortical initiation while the cerebellum amplifies and refines this signal to facilitate correct decision making.
机译：小脑和基底神经节的作用通常在文献中仅限于运动计划和控制。但是，越来越多的证据表明，这些结构涉及更多的认知领域，例如语言处理。在当前的研究中，我们研究了小脑和基底神经节的有效连通性（一个大脑区域对另一个大脑区域的影响）以及与语音处理相关的区域，即左下额回和左颞颞皮层。我们分析了使用动态因果模型（DCM）在成年人的押韵判断任务中获得的功能性磁共振成像数据（fMRI）。结果表明，小脑与左下额回和左颞颞皮都有相互联系，而壳核与这两个大脑区域有单向联系。此外，小脑和这些语音处理区域之间的联系比壳壳与这些区域之间的联系要强。这种结果模式表明，壳聚糖和小脑在语言处理中可能具有不同的作用。基于运动计划和控制文献的研究，我们认为壳核参与了皮层启动，而小脑则放大并细化了该信号以促进正确的决策。

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