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首页> 外文期刊>Inflammation & allergy drug targets. >Pathophysiological roles of transglutaminase - catalyzed reactions in the pathogenesis of human diseases.
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Pathophysiological roles of transglutaminase - catalyzed reactions in the pathogenesis of human diseases.

机译：转谷氨酰胺酶催化的反应在人类疾病发病机理中的病理生理作用。

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摘要

Transglutaminases (TGs, E.C. 2.3.2.13) are related and ubiquitous enzymes which catalyze the cross linking of a glutaminyl residue of a protein/peptide substrate to a lysyl residue of a protein/peptide co-substrate. These enzymes are also capable of catalyzing other reactions which are important for cell life. To date, at least eight different human TGs have been identified. The distribution and the physiological roles of human TGs have been widely studied in numerous cell types and tissues and recently their roles in several diseases have begun to be identified. It has been hypothesized that transglutaminase activity is directly involved in the patho-genetic mechanisms responsible for several human diseases. In particular, TG2, a member of the TG enzyme family, has been shown to be involved in the molecular mechanisms responsible for a very widespread human pathology, Celiac Disease (CD), one of the most common food intolerances described in the western population. The main food agent that provokes the strong and diffuse clinical symptoms has been known for several years to be gliadin, a protein present in a very large number of human foods derived from vegetables. The aim of this review is to summarize the most recent findings concerning the relationships between the biochemical properties of the transglutaminase activity and the basic molecular mechanisms responsible for CD. In addition, we present some clinical associations of CD with other human diseases, with particular reference to neuropsychiatric disorders. Possible molecular links between biochemical activities of transglutaminase enzymes, CD and neuropsychiatric disorders are discussed.
机译：转谷氨酰胺酶（TG，E.C.2.3.2.13）是相关的和普遍存在的酶，它们催化蛋白质/肽底物的谷氨酰胺残基与蛋白质/肽共底物的赖氨酰残基的交联。这些酶还能够催化对细胞生命重要的其他反应。迄今为止，已经鉴定出至少八种不同的人类TG。人们已经在许多细胞类型和组织中广泛研究了人类TG的分布和生理作用，最近已开始确定它们在几种疾病中的作用。已经假设转谷氨酰胺酶活性直接参与引起几种人类疾病的致病机理。特别是，TG2是TG酶家族的成员，已被证明参与了导致人类广泛疾病病理学的分子机制，乳糜泻（CD）是西方人群中最常见的食物不耐受症之一。引起强烈和弥漫性临床症状的主要食品成分几年来已知是麦醇溶蛋白，麦醇溶蛋白是存在于大量源自蔬菜的人类食品中的一种蛋白质。这篇综述的目的是总结关于转谷氨酰胺酶活性的生化特性与负责CD的基本分子机制之间关系的最新发现。此外，我们介绍了CD与其他人类疾病的某些临床关联，尤其是神经精神疾病。讨论了转谷氨酰胺酶的生化活性，CD与神经精神疾病之间的可能分子联系。

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