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首页> 外文期刊>Insectes Sociaux: Bulletin de l'Union Internationale pour l'Etude des Insectes Sociaux >Parasitism versus mutualism in the ant-garden parabiosis between Camponotus femoratus and Crematogaster levior.
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Parasitism versus mutualism in the ant-garden parabiosis between Camponotus femoratus and Crematogaster levior.

机译：Camponotus femoratus和Crematogaster levior之间的蚂蚁花园共生关系中的寄生关系与共生关系。

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摘要

Ant-gardens represent a special type of association between ants and epiphytes. Frequently, two ant species can share the same nest in a phenomenon known as 'parabiosis', but the exact nature (i.e., mutualistic or parasitic) of this interaction is the subject of debate. We thus attempted to clarify the mutual costs and benefits for each partner (ants and plants) in the Crematogaster levior/Camponotus femoratus ant-garden parabiosis. The ants' response to experimental foliar damage to the epiphytes and to the host tree as well as their behaviour and interactions during prey capture were investigated to see if the purported parasitic status of Cr. levior could be demonstrated in either the ant-ant or in the ant-plant interactions. The results show that both species take part in protecting the epiphytes, refuting the role of Cr. levior as a parasite of the ant-garden mutualism. During capture of large prey Ca. femoratus took advantage from the ability of Cr. levior to discover prey; by following Cr. levior trails Ca. femoratus workers discover the prey in turn and usurp them during agonistic interactions. Nevertheless, the trade-off between the costs and benefits of this association seems then to be favorable to both species because it is known that Cr. levior benefits from Ca. femoratus building the common carton nests and furnishing protection from vertebrates. Consequently, parabiosis can then be defined as the only mutualistic association existing between ant species, at least in ant-gardens.
机译：蚂蚁花园代表了蚂蚁和附生植物之间的一种特殊类型的关联。通常，两种蚂蚁物种可以在被称为“共生”的现象中共享同一个巢，但是这种相互作用的确切性质（即互惠或寄生）却是争论的话题。因此，我们试图阐明Crematogaster levior / Camponotus femoratus ant-garden的共生共生体中每个伙伴（蚂蚁和植物）的共同成本和收益。研究了蚂蚁对实验叶对附生植物和寄主树的伤害的反应，以及它们在捕获猎物期间的行为和相互作用，以了解是否据称是Cr的寄生状态。利维奥可以通过蚂蚁或蚂蚁与植物的相互作用来证明。结果表明，这两种物种都参与了对附生植物的保护，从而驳斥了铬的作用。利未尔作为蚂蚁花园共生主义的寄生虫。在捕获大型猎物的过程中。股骨头利用了铬的能力。找寻猎物通过遵循Cr。利维奥步道Ca.股骨工人反过来发现猎物，并在激烈的互动中篡夺他们。然而，这种结合的成本和收益之间的权衡似乎对两个物种都有利，因为已知铬。钙的利福剂。 femoratus建造普通的纸箱巢，并提供免受脊椎动物的保护。因此，共生关系可以定义为至少在蚂蚁花园中存在的蚂蚁物种之间的唯一互惠联系。

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