The rapid adoption in emerging countries of new information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructures such as the internet is creating opportunities for these countries and their citizens to participate in the world's flow of information, ideas, and commerce (Madon, 2000; Montealegre, 1996). One economic example is the use of the Internet to enable the development of a stock exchange in Guayaquil, Ecuador (Montealegre, 2004). Another good example of this is India, which in the past decade has gone from being a bit player to a major player in software development. The Internet played a key role in enabling this transformation by collapsing geographic distances, allowing India's talent to compete on the same footing as programmers in the "old" economies. This "flattening" of the world allows everyone to compete globally for information-based work. ICT Ministers in developing countries have been seeking to stimulate the use of the Internet and similar technologies to offer their citizens a broad range of improved services provided by government as well as the private sector (Hammond, 2001). However, new opportunities offered by the use of ICT, such as e-mail and online banking, also generate new risks and vulnerabilities caused by a lack of cybersecurity.1 For example, reports estimate that a great majority (95%) of e-mail traffic in developing countries is spam. This level of spam discourages people from using e-mail (greatly decreasing the utility of e-mail), and reduces user confidence in any online activity.
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