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首页> 外文期刊>Integrated Pest Management Reviews >The successful development and implementation of an integrated pest management system for oil palm in Papua New Guinea
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The successful development and implementation of an integrated pest management system for oil palm in Papua New Guinea

机译：巴布亚新几内亚油棕综合害虫管理系统的成功开发和实施

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Production and trade in oil crops has expanded in response to an increasing world population and improved living standards. The global production of oil palm has increased rapidly over the last 30 years, and palm oil is now the world's second most important vegetable oil after soybean. Oil palm is an important cash crop in Papua New Guinea (PNG), with about 80,000 ha in cultivation, grown both on large-scale plantations and by smallholders. The principal pests of oil palm in PNG are a group of insect species from the Tettigoniidae family (Orthoptera), known collectively as sexava. Three species of sexava are pests of oil palm in PNG, Segestes decoratus, Segestidea defoliaria and Segestidea novaeguineae. These insects cause damage by feeding on oilpalm fronds and defoliation levels can be very severe where high populations occur. Severe defoliation causes reductions in photosynthesis resulting in yield loss from lower fruit production. During the last five years an integrated system has been developed for the management of sexava. This integrated pest management (IPM) system has the following components: (1) a knowledge of the biology and ecology of the pest, (2) economic thresholds, (3) monitoring system for the pest, (4) precise targeting of chemical control agents, (5) biological control, and (6) cultural control. The IPM system is sustainable and environmentally acceptable to the industry.
机译：随着世界人口的增加和生活水平的提高，油料作物的生产和贸易有所增加。在过去的30年中，全球油棕的产量迅速增长，如今，棕榈油已成为仅次于大豆的世界第二重要植物油。油棕是巴布亚新几内亚（PNG）的重要经济作物，种植面积约80,000公顷，既在大型人工林上种植，也由小农种植。在巴布亚新几内亚，油棕的主要害虫是一群来自粉蝶科（直翅目）的昆虫，统称为六倍体。 Sexava的三种物种是巴布亚新几内亚的油棕害虫，装饰性紫苏（Segestes decoratus），落叶松（Segestidea defoliaria）和新星紫苏（Segestidea novaeguineae）。这些昆虫以油棕叶为食而造成损害，在人口众多的地方，落叶的程度可能非常严重。严重的落叶会导致光合作用减少，从而导致果实产量降低而导致产量下降。在过去的五年中，已经开发出用于管理sexava的集成系统。该综合有害生物管理（IPM）系统具有以下组成部分：（1）有害生物的生物学和生态学知识;（2）经济阈值;（3）有害生物监测系统;（4）化学控制的精确目标剂，（5）生物防治，和（6）文化防治。 IPM系统是可持续的，并且在环境上是行业可接受的。

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