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首页> 外文期刊>Intelligence: A Multidisciplinary Journal >Do we really become smarter when our fluid-intelligence test scores improve?
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Do we really become smarter when our fluid-intelligence test scores improve?

机译：当我们的流体智力测验分数提高时，我们真的变得更聪明了吗？

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Recent reports of training-induced gains on fluid intelligence tests have fueled an explosion of interest in cognitive training now a billion-dollar industry. The interpretation of these results is questionable because score gains can be dominated by factors that play marginal roles in the scores themselves, and because intelligence gain is not the only possible explanation for the observed control-adjusted far transfer across tasks. Here we present novel evidence that the test score gains used to measure the efficacy of cognitive training may reflect strategy refinement instead of intelligence gains. A novel scanpath analysis of eye movement data from 35 participants solving Raven's Advanced Progressive Matrices on two separate sessions indicated that one-third of the variance of score gains could be attributed to test-taking strategy alone, as revealed by characteristic changes in eye-fixation patterns. When the strategic contaminant was partialled out, the residual score gains were no longer significant. These results are compatible with established theories of skill acquisition suggesting that procedural knowledge tacitly acquired during training can later be utilized at posttest. Our novel method and result both underline a reason to be wary of purported intelligence gains, but also provide a way forward for testing for them in the future. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
机译：最近有关流体智力测试中训练引起的收益的报道激起了对认知训练的兴趣激增，而认知训练现已发展成一个十亿美元的产业。这些结果的解释是有问题的，因为得分的增加可能受在得分本身中扮演边际作用的因素支配，并且因为智力的增加并不是观察到的调整后的任务之间的远距离转移的唯一可能解释。在这里，我们提供了新颖的证据，表明用来衡量认知训练功效的考试分数增长可能反映了策略的改进而非智力的提高。对来自35个参与者的Raven高级进阶矩阵在两个不同的会议上进行的眼睛运动数据进行的新颖扫描路径分析，结果表明，得分增加的方差的三分之一可归因于单独的应试策略，如注视特性的变化所揭示的那样模式。当战略污染物被分配出去时，残留分数的增长不再显着。这些结果与已建立的技能获取理论相吻合，表明在培训期间默认获取的程序知识可在以后的测验中使用。我们新颖的方法和结果既强调了警惕所谓的情报获取的理由，也为将来对其进行测试提供了一种方法。 （C）2014 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。

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