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首页> 外文期刊>Integrative Psychological & Behavioral Science >Vindicating Virtue: A Critical Analysis of the Situationist Challenge Against Aristotelian Moral Psychology
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Vindicating Virtue: A Critical Analysis of the Situationist Challenge Against Aristotelian Moral Psychology

机译：维护美德：对亚里士多德道德心理的情境主义挑战的批判分析

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摘要

This article provides a critical analysis of the situationist challenge against Aristotelian moral psychology. It first outlines the details and results from four paradigmatic studies in psychology that situationists have heavily drawn upon in their critique of the Aristotelian conception of virtuous characteristics, including studies conducted by Hartshorne and May (1928), Darley and Batson (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 27:100–108, 1973), Isen and Levin (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 21:384–388, 1972), and Milgram (Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology 67:371–378, 1963). It then presents ten problems with the way situationists have used these studies to challenge Aristotelian moral psychology. After challenging the situationists on these grounds, the article then proceeds to challenge the situationist presentation of the Aristotelian conception, showing that situationists have provided an oversimplified caricature of it that goes against the grain of much Aristotelian text. In evaluating the situationist challenge against the actual results from empirical research as well as primary Aristotelian text, it will be shown that the situationist debate has advanced both an extreme, untenable view about the nature of characteristics and situations, as well as an inaccurate presentation of the Aristotelian view.
机译：本文对情境主义者对亚里士多德道德心理学的挑战进行了批判性分析。它首先概述了四个心理学范式研究的细节和结果，情境主义者在批判亚里士多德的德性特征概念时大量借鉴了这些研究，其中包括Hartshorne和May（1928），Darley和Batson（人格与社会杂志）进行的研究。心理学27：100-108，1973），艾森和莱文（人格与社会心理学杂志21：384-388，1972）和米尔格拉姆（异常与社会心理学杂志67：371-378，1963）。然后，它提出了情境主义者利用这些研究挑战亚里士多德道德心理学的方式的十个问题。在基于这些理由对情境主义者提出质疑之后，本文接着对质朴主义者对亚里士多德概念的表述提出了挑战，表明情境主义者提供了一个过于简化的讽刺画，这与许多亚里士多德的文字背道而驰。在根据实证研究和亚里士多德原始研究的实际结果评估情境主义者的挑战时，将表明，情境主义者的辩论既对特征和情况的本质提出了极端的，站不住脚的看法，又提出了不正确的观点。亚里士多德的观点。

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