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Global Optimization of Emergency Evacuation Assignments

机译:紧急疏散分配的全局优化

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摘要

Conventional emergency evacuation plans often assign evacuees to fixed routes or destinations based mainly on geographic proximity. Such approaches can be inefficient if the roads are congested, blocked, or otherwise dangerous because of the emergency. By not constraining evacuees to prespecified destinations, a one-destination evacuation approach provides flexibility in the optimization process. We present a framework for the simultaneous optimization of evacuation-traffic distribution and assignment. Based on the one-destination evacuation concept, we can obtain the optimal destination and route assignment by solving a one-destination traffic-assignment problem on a modified network representation. In a county-wide, large-scale evacuation case study, the one-destination model yields substantial improvement over the conventional approach, with the overall evacuation time reduced by more than 60 percent. More importantly, emergency planners can easily implement this framework by instructing evacuees to go to destinations that the one-destination optimization process selects.
机译:传统的紧急疏散计划通常主要根据地理邻近性将疏散人员分配到固定路线或目的地。如果道路由于紧急情况而拥堵,阻塞或以其他方式危险,则此类方法可能效率不高。通过不限制撤离人员到预先指定的目的地,一站式撤离方法在优化过程中提供了灵活性。我们提出了同时优化疏散交通分配和分配的框架。基于一站式疏散概念,通过在修改后的网络表示上解决一站式交通分配问题,我们可以获得最佳的目的地和路线分配。在全县范围内的大型疏散案例研究中,单站模式比常规方法有了实质性的改进,总体疏散时间减少了60%以上。更重要的是,应急计划人员可以通过指示撤离人员前往单目的地优化过程选择的目的地,轻松地实现此框架。

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