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How does the Mediterranean diet promote cardiovascular health? Current progress toward molecular mechanisms

机译:地中海饮食如何促进心血管健康?分子机制的最新进展

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Epidemiological evidence supports a health-promoting effect of the Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet), especially in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. These cardiovascular benefits have been attributed to a number of components of the MedDiet such as monounsaturated fatty acids, antioxidant vitamins and phytochemicals. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Likewise, little is known about the genes that define inter-individual variation in response to the MedDiet, although the TCF7L2 gene is emerging as an illustrative candidate for determining relative risk of cardiovascular events in response to the MedDiet. Moreover, omics technologies are providing evidence supporting potential mechanisms, some of them implicating epigenetics (i.e. microRNAs, methylation), and certain data suggest that some traditional foods could contribute via microRNAs possibly acting as exogenous regulators of gene expression. Future research should aim at increasing and consolidating the nutrigenetic and nutrigenomic knowledge of the MedDiet in order to provide sound, personalized and optimized nutritional recommendations.
机译:流行病学证据支持地中海饮食(MedDiet)的健康促进作用,尤其是在预防心血管疾病方面。这些心血管益处归因于MedDiet的许多成分,例如单不饱和脂肪酸,抗氧化剂维生素和植物化学物质。但是,基本机制仍然未知。同样地,尽管定义TCF7L2基因作为确定响应MedDiet的心血管事件的相对风险的例证候选者,但对于定义响应MedDiet的个体间变异的基因知之甚少。此外,组学技术正在提供支持潜在机制的证据,其中一些涉及表观遗传学(即microRNA,甲基化),某些数据表明某些传统食品可能通过microRNA发挥作用,可能充当基因表达的外源调节剂。未来的研究应旨在增加和巩固MedDiet的营养学和营养学知识,以便提供合理,个性化和优化的营养建议。

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