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首页> 外文期刊>International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation >Higher diversity and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea than bacteria detected at the Bayon Temple of Angkor Thom in Cambodia
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Higher diversity and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea than bacteria detected at the Bayon Temple of Angkor Thom in Cambodia

机译：氨氧化古细菌的多样性和丰富度高于在柬埔寨吴哥城巴戎庙发现的细菌

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摘要

Ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) are two groups of the ammonia-oxidizing microorganisms responsible for conversion of ammonia to nitrite, producing acidity and damaging building materials, including valuable cultural heritage stone structures. In this study, the molecular biomarker of amoA gene of archaea and bacteria was applied in polymerase chain- reaction (PCR) amplification and quantitative real-time (RT) PCR (qPCR) to detect the abundance of AOA and AOB at 4 locations (Pond, Entrance, Gallery and Central Tower) of Bayon temple at Angkor Thom, Cambodia. The results showed that both AOA and AOB were positively detected at all locations and the diversity index suggested that AOA were more diverse than AOB. Sequences of AOA were mainly distributed in Group I.1b and few clustered in Group I.1a and Group I.1a-associated, while AOB were all closely related to beta-proteobacteria (Nitrosospira). Based on the qPCR results, AOA outnumbered AOB clearly, the gene copy numbers of AOA amoA gene ranged from 1.35 x 10(6) to 2.52 x 10(8) copies per gram of dry materials, while, in comparison, AOB amoA gene copy numbers from 6.54 x 10(5) to 4.52 x 10(6) copies per gram of dry materials. In addition, the abundance of amoA gene from galleries was the highest than other locations. At gallery section, gene abundance, NH4+ and NO3- agreed well with the intensity of biofilm development. Based on the community and abundance analysis, nitrogen cycling plays an important role in contributing to deterioration of sandstone monuments at Angkor Thom in Cambodia under tropical climate. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：氨氧化古细菌（AOA）和细菌（AOB）是两类氨氧化微生物，负责将氨转化为亚硝酸盐，产生酸性并破坏建筑材料，包括有价值的文化遗产石材结构。在这项研究中，将古细菌和细菌的amoA基因的分子生物标记物应用于聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增和定量实时（RT）PCR（qPCR）中，以检测4个位置的AOA和AOB的丰度（池塘，入口，画廊和中央塔）在柬埔寨吴哥城的巴戎寺。结果表明，在所有位置都可以同时检测到AOA和AOB，并且多样性指数表明AOA比AOB更具多样性。 AOA的序列主要分布在I.1b组中，很少聚集在I.1a组和I.1a组相关，而AOB都与β-变形杆菌（亚硝基螺菌）密切相关。根据qPCR结果，AOA明显超过AOB，AOA amoA基因的基因拷贝数范围为每克干物质1.35 x 10（6）至2.52 x 10（8）拷贝，而相比之下，AOB amoA基因拷贝每克干燥物料的复印数量从6.54 x 10（5）到4.52 x 10（6）。此外，来自画廊的amoA基因的丰度比其他地方最高。在画廊部分，基因丰度，NH4 +和NO3-与生物膜发育的强度非常吻合。根据群落和丰度分析，氮循环在热带气候下对柬埔寨吴哥通王城砂岩古迹的恶化起着重要作用。 （C）2016 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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