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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Andrology >Gper and ESRs are expressed in rat round spermatids and mediate oestrogen-dependent rapid pathways modulating expression of cyclin B1 and Bax.
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Gper and ESRs are expressed in rat round spermatids and mediate oestrogen-dependent rapid pathways modulating expression of cyclin B1 and Bax.

机译：Gper和ESRs在大鼠圆形精子细胞中表达，并介导雌激素依赖性快速途径，调节细胞周期蛋白B1和Bax的表达。

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Spermatogenesis is a precisely controlled and timed process, comprising mitotic divisions of spermatogonia, meiotic divisions of spermatocytes, maturation and differentiation of haploid spermatids giving rise to spermatozoa. It is well known that the maintenance of spermatogenesis is controlled by gonadotrophins and testosterone, the effects of which are modulated by a complex network of locally produced factors, including oestrogens. However, it remains uncertain whether oestrogens are able to activate rapid signalling pathways directly in male germ cells. Classically, oestrogens act by binding to oestrogen receptors (ESRs) 1 and 2. Recently, it has been demonstrated that rapid oestrogen action can also be mediated by the G-protein-coupled oestrogen receptor 1 (Gper). The aim of the present study was to investigate ESRs and Gper expression in primary cultures of adult rat round spermatids (RS) and define if oestradiol (E2) is able to activate, through these receptors, pathways involved in the regulation of genes controlling rat RS apoptosis and/or maturation. In this study, we demonstrated that rat RS express ESR1, ESR2 and Gper. Short-time treatment of RS with E2, the selective Gper agonist G1 and the selective ESR1 and ERbeta agonists, 4,4',4"-(4-propyl-[1H]pyrazole-1,3,5-triyl) trisphenol (PPT) and 2,3-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-propionitrile (DPN), respectively, determined activation of Extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) through the involvement of epidermal growth factor receptor transactivation. In addition, we investigated the effects of ESRs and Gper pathway activation on factors involved in RS maturation. Expression of cyclin B1 mRNA was downregulated by E2, G1 and PPT, but not by DPN. A concomitant and inverse regulation of the pro-apoptotic factor Bax mRNA expression was observed in the same conditions, with DPN being the only one determining an increase in this factor expression. Collectively, these data demonstrate that E2 activates, through ESRs and Gper, pathways involved in the regulation of genes controlling rat RS apoptosis and differentiation such as cyclin B1 and Bax.
机译：精子发生是一个精确控制和定时的过程，包括精原细胞的有丝分裂，精细胞的减数分裂，单倍体精子的成熟和分化，从而产生精子。众所周知，精子发生的维持是由促性腺激素和睾丸激素控制的，它们的作用由包括雌激素在内的局部产生的因子的复杂网络调节。然而，仍然不确定雌激素是否能够直接在雄性生殖细胞中激活快速信号通路。传统上，雌激素通过与雌激素受体（ESRs）1和2结合而起作用。最近，已证明雌激素的快速作用也可以由G蛋白偶联的雌激素受体1（Gper）介导。本研究的目的是研究成年大鼠圆形精子（RS）原代培养物中的ESR和Gper表达，并确定雌二醇（E2）是否能够通过这些受体激活参与调控大鼠RS基因调控的途径。细胞凋亡和/或成熟。在这项研究中，我们证明了大鼠RS表达ESR1，ESR2和Gper。用E2，选择性Gper激动剂G1和选择性ESR1和ERbeta激动剂，4,4'，4“-（4-丙基-[1H]吡唑-1,3,5-三基）三酚（ PPT）和2,3-双（4-羟苯基）-丙腈（DPN）分别通过表皮生长因子受体反式激活确定了细胞外信号调节激酶（ERK1 / 2）的激活。研究了ESR和Gper途径活化对RS成熟相关因子的影响; E2，G1和PPT降低了细胞周期蛋白B1 mRNA的表达，而DPN却下调了cyclin B1 mRNA的表达。总的来说，这些数据表明，E2通过ESR和Gper激活了参与调控大鼠RS凋亡和分化的基因（如细胞周期蛋白）的途径。 B1和Bax。

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