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GRAI-Engineering: a method to model, design and run engineering design departments

机译：GRAI-Engineering：建模，设计和运行工程设计部门的方法

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摘要

Due to strong competition (economic pressure, time-to-market, the emergence of competing products, etc.) industrial enterprises have to continually increase their competitiveness. Having started with the manufacturing cycle, they now have to improve the design cycle. Engineering design has become one of the main added-value activities in the industrial environment and needs to be carefully controlled. The product engineering design department has to be efficiently organized. This paper presents a method that provides a solution to the problem. The GRAI engineering method can be used to re-engineer the way in which products are designed (taking the product, the process and the design organization into consideration) and, more generally speaking, the design of the engineering design department. Integration of the product, process and organization, with the aim of improving the performance of product engineering design is first analysed, leading to the conclusion that a method is needed to support the design activity. The GRAI model, based on the systemic approach and adapted to modelling of the engineering design department, is then presented. The GRAI model supports the structuring of both the coordination decisions and design activity. Details are then given of the GRAI-engineering method which is a structured approach based on a collaborative and participative approach, in order to define a dedicated GRAI model which can be applied to the engineering design department.
机译：由于激烈的竞争（经济压力，上市时间，竞争产品的出现等），工业企业必须不断提高竞争力。从制造周期开始，他们现在必须改善设计周期。工程设计已成为工业环境中的主要增值活动之一，需要仔细控制。产品工程设计部门必须有效地组织。本文提出了一种解决该问题的方法。 GRAI工程方法可用于重新设计产品的设计方式（将产品，过程和设计组织考虑在内），更一般地说，是工程设计部门的设计。首先分析了产品，过程和组织的集成，目的是提高产品工程设计的性能，从而得出结论，需要一种方法来支持设计活动。然后，提出了基于系统方法并适合工程设计部门建模的GRAI模型。 GRAI模型支持协调决策和设计活动的结构化。然后详细介绍了GRAI工程方法，这是一种基于协作和参与性方法的结构化方法，以便定义可以应用于工程设计部门的专用GRAI模型。

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