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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Experimental Pathology >Involvement of the cytoskeletal elements in articular cartilage homeostasis and pathology.
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Involvement of the cytoskeletal elements in articular cartilage homeostasis and pathology.

机译：细胞骨架元素参与关节软骨稳态和病理学。

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摘要

The cytoskeleton of all cells is a three-dimensional network comprising actin microfilaments, tubulin microtubules and intermediate filaments. Studies in many cell types have indicated roles for these cytoskeletal proteins in many diverse cellular processes including alteration of cell shape, movement of organelles, migration, endocytosis, secretion, cell division and extracellular matrix assembly. The cytoskeletal networks are highly organized in structure enabling them to fulfil their biological functions. This review will primarily focus on the organization and function of the three major cytoskeletal networks in articular cartilage chondrocytes. Articular cartilage is a major load-bearing tissue of the synovial joint; it is well known that the cytoskeleton acts as a physical interface between the chondrocytes and the extracellular matrix in 'sensing' mechanical stimuli. The effect of mechanical load on cytoskeletal element expression and organization will also be reviewed. Abnormal mechanical load is widely believed to be a risk factor for the development of osteoarthritis. Several studies have intimated that the major cytoskeletal networks are disorganized or often absent in osteoarthritic cartilage chondrocytes. The implications and possible reasoning for this are more widely discussed and placed into context with their potential relevance to disease and therapeutic strategies.
机译：所有细胞的细胞骨架是一个三维网络，包括肌动蛋白微丝，微管蛋白微管和中间丝。对许多细胞类型的研究表明这些细胞骨架蛋白在许多不同的细胞过程中的作用，包括细胞形状的改变，细胞器的运动，迁移，内吞，分泌，细胞分裂和细胞外基质组装。细胞骨架网络在结构上高度组织化，使它们能够履行其生物学功能。这项审查将主要侧重于关节软骨软骨细胞中的三个主要细胞骨架网络的组织和功能。关节软骨是滑膜关节的主要承重组织。众所周知，细胞骨架在“感知”机械刺激中充当软骨细胞与细胞外基质之间的物理界面。机械负荷对细胞骨架元素表达和组织的影响也将被审查。普遍认为异常的机械负荷是骨关节炎发展的危险因素。几项研究表明，骨关节炎软骨软骨细胞中主要的细胞骨架网络杂乱无章，或者经常不存在。其含义和可能的原因被更广泛地讨论，并与它们与疾病和治疗策略的潜在相关性放在一起。

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