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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of flexible manufacturing systems: Design, Analysis and Operation of Manufacturing and Assembly Systems >Aligning demand and supply flexibility in custom product co-design
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Aligning demand and supply flexibility in custom product co-design

机译：在定制产品协同设计中协调供需灵活性

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摘要

Flexibility of supply and demand is essential for successful implementation of a mass customization strategy that delivers sustained competitive advantage. Supply flexibility, i.e., a choice of alternative products designed to perform the same basic function, is made possible by the range of capabilities available in flexible and agile manufacturing systems and in supply chains. Demand flexibility is derived from the degree to which a customer is willing to compromise on product features or performance levels in order to meet budgetary (reflected in price) or schedule (reflected in delivery) constraints. Flexibility of both supply and demand can have significant strategic and financial value if they are properly aligned. However, customers are mostly unaware of mapping of demand flexibility on to supply flexibility and its impact on production cost and time. Recent advances in information technology have made it possible to co-design a product that involves customer on one end and the manufacturer on the other. This creates an aura and an opportunity where a middle ground between the supply and demand flexibility can be explored and a "deal" can be struck where both parties settle for a product that is beneficial to both through a negotiated settlement. In this paper, we develop a framework for such negotiations. The customer requirements are treated as a range of negotiable options instead of a set of fixed inputs. Demand and supply for customization is then matched by aligning the flexibility of manufacturing systems with customers' requirement options. Based on this framework, a negotiation scheme is developed to assist customers and manufacturers in exploring and utilizing demand and supply flexibility information in co-design. The negotiation scheme is formulated using goal programming. Finally, an interactive problem-solving procedure is developed and implemented with an illustrative example.
机译：供需的灵活性对于成功实施可提供持续竞争优势的大规模定制战略至关重要。灵活，敏捷的制造系统和供应链中可用的功能范围使供应的灵活性（即，选择设计用于执行相同基本功能的替代产品）成为可能。需求灵活性源自客户为满足预算（价格反映）或进度（交付反映）约束而愿意在产品功能或性能水平上做出折衷的程度。如果供需双方保持适当的一致性，那么它们的灵活性将具有重大的战略和财务价值。但是，客户大多不知道将需求灵活性映射到供应灵活性及其对生产成本和时间的影响。信息技术的最新发展使得共同设计一种产品，一方面涉及客户，另一方面涉及制造商成为可能。这创造了光环和机会，可以在供需灵活性之间寻求中间立场，并且可以达成“协议”，双方通过达成和解协议寻求对双方都有利的产品。在本文中，我们为此类谈判建立了框架。客户需求被视为一系列可协商的选项，而不是一组固定的输入。然后，通过使制造系统的灵活性与客户的需求选择相匹配，来满足定制的需求和供应。基于此框架，开发了一种协商方案，以帮助客户和制造商在协同设计中探索和利用需求和供应灵活性信息。协商方案是使用目标编程制定的。最后，以说明性示例为例，开发并实施了交互式问题解决程序。

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