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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of developmental science >A Commentary on 'Cyberball: A Reasonable Paradigm for Studying Ostracism in Developmental Science?'
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A Commentary on 'Cyberball: A Reasonable Paradigm for Studying Ostracism in Developmental Science?'

机译:评论“网络篮球:研究发展科学中的种族歧视的合理范式?”

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Ostracism-being ignored and excluded-is a painful social phenomenon that most individuals have experienced at least once in their lives, and sometimes daily (Nezlek, Wesselmann, Wheeler, & Williams, 2012; Williams & Nida, 2011). At this point over two decades worth of experimental research has investigated the psychological ramifications of experiencing ostracism. Researchers have manipulated ostracism in face-to-face interactions (Williams & Sommer, 1997), text messaging (Smith & Williams, 2004), Internet chat rooms (Williams, Govan, Crocker, Tynan, Cruick-shank, & Lam, 2002), virtual reality interactions (Kassner, Wesselmann, Law, & Williams, 2012), role-play simulations (Williams, Bernieri, Faulkner, Grahe, & Gada-Jain, 2000; Zadro, Williams, & Richardson, 2005), and computer-based video interactions (Zadro, 2011). Each of these ostracism paradigms demon- strates convergence across various outcome measures (e.g., fMRI, self-reported mood and psychological need threat; Williams, 2009). The harmful power of ostracism is not short-lived; data suggest that participants asked to relive ostracism by writing an autobiographical narrative about past ostracism (Chen, Williams, Fitness, & Newton, 2008) or even asked to imagine future ostracism experience psychological pain (Chen & Williams, 2012).
机译:被忽视和排斥的排斥是一种痛苦的社会现象,大多数人一生中至少经历过一次,有时甚至每天都经历过一次(Nezlek,Wesselmann,Wheeler和Williams,2012; Williams&Nida,2011)。在这一点上,超过二十年的实验研究已经调查了经历排斥的心理后果。研究人员在面对面的互动中操纵排斥(Williams&Sommer,1997),短信(Smith&Williams,2004),互联网聊天室(Williams,Govan,Crocker,Tynan,Cruick-shank和Lam,2002)。 ,虚拟现实互动(Kassner,Wesselmann,Law和Williams,2012年),角色扮演模拟(Williams,Banilieri,Faulkner,Grahe和Gada-Jain,2000年; Zadro,Williams和Richardson,2005年)以及计算机基于视频的互动(Zadro,2011年)。这些排斥主义范式中的每一个都表明了各种结局指标之间的趋同(例如,功能磁共振成像,自我报告的情绪和心理需求威胁;威廉姆斯,2009年)。排斥的有害力量并非短暂。数据表明,参与者要求通过撰写有关过去的排斥现象的自传体叙事来重温排斥现象(Chen,Williams,Fitness和Newton,2008年),甚至要求想象未来的排斥行为会遭受心理痛苦(Chen和Williams,2012年)。

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