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Benefits and costs of adaptive user interfaces

机译：自适应用户界面的收益和成本

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The paper examines the positive and the possible adverse effects of adaptive user interfaces (AUIs) in the context of an in-vehicle telematic system as a function of four factors: (1) four different levels of adaptivity (ranging from manual to fully adaptive with intermediate levels); (2) different tasks; (3) routine (familiar) and non-routine (unfamiliar) situations; and (4) different user age groups. Both experiments included three sessions during which participants drove a simple driving simulator and performed tasks with the telematic system at one of the adaptivity levels. We measured task performance times and lane position variance. Adaptivity was not always equally beneficial, and its benefits depended on a number of factors, including the frequency in which the tasks were performed, the user's age, the difficulty of the task and the user's involvement in the task. In familiar, routine situations, a fully adaptive system was beneficial for all participants, particularly older ones. In unfamiliar situations, to which the AUI was not adjusted, cognitive workload increased substantially, adversely affecting performance. Intermediate levels of adaptivity keep users involved in the task and help them become more proficient when performing both routine and non-routine tasks. However, intermediate levels of adaptivity should also be implemented with care, because they may also have adverse effects when users encounter non-routine situations.
机译：本文考察了车载远程信息处理系统中自适应用户界面（AUI）的正面和可能的不利影响，该影响取决于四个因素：（1）四个不同级别的适应性（从手动到完全适应）中级）; （2）不同的任务; （3）例行（熟悉）和非例行（陌生）情况; （4）不同的用户年龄段。这两个实验都包括三个部分，在此期间，参与者驾驶一个简单的驾驶模拟器，并以适应性水平之一使用远程信息处理系统执行任务。我们测量了任务执行时间和车道位置差异。适应性并不总是同样有利，其益处取决于许多因素，包括执行任务的频率，用户的年龄，任务的难度以及用户参与任务。在熟悉的常规情况下，完全自适应的系统对所有参与者（尤其是年长参与者）都有益。在不熟悉AUI的情况下，认知工作量显着增加，对性能产生不利影响。中间适应性级别使用户参与任务，并帮助他们在执行常规和非常规任务时变得更加熟练。但是，适应性的中间水平也应谨慎实施，因为当用户遇到非常规情况时，它们也可能产生不利影响。

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