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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics >Physical Kernel Properties Associated with Grain Mold Resistance in Sorghum (Sorgfhum dicolor(L.) Moench)
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Physical Kernel Properties Associated with Grain Mold Resistance in Sorghum (Sorgfhum dicolor(L.) Moench)

机译：高粱（高粱）的籽粒抗霉性相关的物理核特性

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摘要

Grain mold is a major disease of sorghum that effects grain production and quality. The disease is very important in unproved cultivars with short and medium duration which flower and mature earlier in the rainy season, when soil moisture levels are generally more favorable for grain filling which potentially give higher yields. However, the earlier flowering often results in exposure of developing grain exposed wet conditions in which it can deteriorate rapidly. To overcome this problem, it is essential to identify grain mold resistant hybrids. Sorghum {Sorghum bicolor (L.) moench) cultivars exhibiting contrasting reactions to the grain mold complex and there is always bias with visual scoring systems to score disease severity. Identification of kernel properties associated with resistance to grain mold would useful in screening of breeding material; thus, grain density and germination percentage are two import kernel properties to appraise the grain mold resistance. Twenty five hybrids were selected based on their visual rating for grain mold resistance from replicated trials at two locations in India during 2004 and 2005 rainy seasons and grouped into resistant hybrids and susceptible hybrids. Grain mold resistant hybrids exhibited more grain density (1.19 g mL~(-1)) compared to mold susceptible hybrids (1.10 g mL~(-1)). Germination percentage indicating the seed viability and germination decreased with extent of grain mold incidence. Grain density is an important physical parameter to resistthe entry of fungi into the grain. The grains which contain hard endosperm will offer more resistance and also show the high germination percentage.
机译：籽粒霉菌是高粱的一种主要疾病，会影响籽粒的产量和品质。该病在未经证实的短和中度品种中非常重要，这些品种在雨季开花并较早成熟，当时土壤水分水平通常更有利于谷物充实，从而可能带来更高的单产。但是，较早开花通常会导致发育中的谷物暴露于潮湿条件下，在该条件下它可能会迅速恶化。为了克服这个问题，确定抗谷物霉菌的杂种非常重要。高粱（Sorghum bicolor（L.）moench）品种对谷物霉菌复合物表现出不同的反应，并且视觉评分系统总是存在偏见以对疾病严重程度进行评分。鉴定与抗谷物霉菌有关的籽粒特性将有助于筛选育种材料;因此，籽粒密度和发芽率是评价籽粒耐霉菌性的两个重要指标。根据2004年和2005年雨季在印度两个地点进行的重复试验，根据谷物抗霉菌性的视觉等级选择了25个杂种，并分为抗性杂种和易感杂种。与易受霉菌侵害的杂种（1.10 g mL〜（-1））相比，抗霉菌的杂种表现出更高的颗粒密度（1.19 g mL〜（-1））。指示种子活力和发芽率的发芽率随谷物霉菌发生程度的降低而降低。谷物密度是抵抗真菌进入谷物的重要物理参数。含有坚硬胚乳的谷物将提供更大的抗性，并且还显示出高发芽率。

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