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From particle counting to Gaussian tomography

机译:从粒子计数到高斯断层扫描

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摘要

The momentum and position observables in an n-mode boson Fock space Gamma(C-n) have the whole real line R as their spectrum. But the total number operator N has a discrete spectrum Z(+) = {0, 1, 2,...}. An n-mode Gaussian state in G(C-n) is completely determined by the mean values of momentum and position observables and their covariance matrix which together constitute a family of n(2n + 3) real parameters. Starting with N and its unitary conjugates by the Weyl displacement operators and operators from a representation of the symplectic group Sp(2n) in Gamma(C-n), we construct n(2n + 3) observables with spectrum Z(+) but whose expectation values in a Gaussian state determine all its mean and covariance parameters. Thus measurements of discrete-valued observables enable the tomography of the underlying Gaussian state and it can be done by using five one-mode and four two-mode Gaussian symplectic gates in single and pair mode wires of Gamma(C-n) = Gamma(C)(circle times n). Thus the tomography protocol admits a simple description in a language similar to circuits in quantum computation theory. Such a Gaussian tomography applied to outputs of a Gaussian channel with coherent input states permit a tomography of the channel parameters. However, in our procedure the number of counting measurements exceeds the number of channel parameters slightly. Presently, it is not clear whether a more efficient method exists for reducing this tomographic complexity.
机译:在n模玻色子Fock空间Gamma(C-n)中可观测到的动量和位置具有完整的实线R作为其频谱。但是总数算子N具有离散频谱Z(+)= {0,1,2,...}。 G(C-n)中的n型高斯状态完全由动量和位置可观测值的平均值及其协方差矩阵确定,它们共同构成了n(2n + 3)个实参量。从N及其Weyl位移算子和unit在Sp(2n)中的辛群Sp(2n)的表示形式的unit共轭开始,我们构造了具有频谱Z(+)但其期望值为n(2n + 3)的可观测值在高斯状态下确定其所有均值和协方差参数。因此,离散值可观测对象的测量可以对基本的高斯状态进行层析成像,并且可以通过在Gamma(Cn)= Gamma(C)的单模和成对模态导线中使用五个单模和四个双模高斯辛门来完成(圈次n)。因此,层析成像协议允许使用类似于量子计算理论中的电路的语言进行简单描述。应用于具有相干输入状态的高斯信道的输出的这种高斯断层扫描允许对信道参数进行断层摄影。但是,在我们的程序中,计数测量的数量稍微超过了通道参数的数量。目前,尚不清楚是否存在更有效的方法来减少这种层析成像的复杂性。

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